Stained Glass Sundials: 16th & 17th Centuries (1500's & 1600's) Stained Glass Sundials: 18th & 19th Centuries (1700's & 1800's) Stained Glass Sundials: 20th & 21st Centuries (1900's & 2000's) Etched Glass and Plastic Sundials Mosaic and Ceramic Sundials

These pages contain all suitable available images of glass and ceramic sundials from around the world. We've included translucent plastic sundials with etched glass sundials since they are similar in design and function. On the Archive subpages, the sundials are arranged in chronological order by century and by maker, and are categorized into three different groups: stained glass, etched glass & plastic, and mosaic & ceramics. Below on this page you will find an Inventory of sundials in the Archive arranged by type, century and country. And further down is an Index of all the sundials listed in numerical order with photos, information and references. We've taken a certain amount of liberty to digitally improve poor quality photographs and drawings to show more accurately sundial shapes, design details and colors. Sadly, many of the sundial windows shown here have been lost, destroyed or are in private collections and are unavailable for public viewing, so these images are all that's left for us to study and enjoy.

If you have information carm on sundials already in the photo collection or any new photos that you'd like for us to include, please send an attachment of them to John Carmichael, along with any of the following information you'd like to share: Maker (designer and/or artisan), Date, Original Location, Present Location, Orientation (direction of the sundial face), Size, Adornment, Mottos, Condition, Comments, related Websites, and Email addresses. For tips on photographing stained glass, click Here. Thank you!

Here is the information and references for all of the dials in our Image Archive. Dials are listed in numerical order. For optimal viewing, set your browser's "View" to Full Screen. Click on any of the images for a larger view. Your browser will automatically downsize the large picture to fit your computer monitor screen. We resized all photos to the standard high definition television height of 1080 pixels or higher so that they will completely fill the height of a 1080 HDTV screen. We think many people will connect their computers to widescreen HDTVs, and they will want this large picture size. Unless otherwise noted, please ask permission from the photographers if you want to use their photos.

Dial 1
The Dragonfly Dial
Maker: Amy R. Handford
Date: Late 1900's. early 2000's
Original Location: St. Paul MN USA. This sundial is ornamental and not designed for any particular location.
Present Location: unknown
Orientation: Horizontal
Size: unknown
Adornment: dragonfly on flower
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: This is from a series of similar dials that Handford calls "stepping stone stained glass sundials". They are made from cast concrete with inlaid stained glass. They do not tell time precisely because the decorative gnomons have a nonlinear irregular shadow casting edge, and I doubt they were delineated correctly. j.c.
Amy's Art Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo was copied from website above.

Dial 2
The King Tut Dial
Maker: Amy R. Handford
Date: Late 1900's. early 2000's
Original Location: St. Paul MN USA. This sundial is ornamental and not designed for any particular location.
Present Location: Dallas Texas
Orientation: Horizontal
Size: unknown
Adornment: King Tut
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: This is from a series of similar dials that Handford calls "Stepping stone stained glass sundials". They are made from cast concrete with inlaid stained glass. They do not tell time precisely because the decorative gnomons have a nonlinear irregular shadow casting edge, and I doubt they were delineated correctly. j.c.
Amy's Art Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos was copied from website above.

Dial 3
The Carousel Horse Dial
Maker: Amy R. Handford
Date: Late 1900's. early 2000's
Original Location: St. Paul MN USA. This sundial is ornamental and not designed for any particular location.
Present Location: unknown
Orientation: Horizontal
Size: unknown
Adornment: horse on carousel
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: This is from a series of similar dials that Handford calls "Stepping stone stained glass sundials". They are made from cast concrete with inlaid stained glass. They do not tell time precisely because the decorative gnomons have a nonlinear irregular shadow casting edge, and I doubt they were delineated correctly. j.c.
Amy's Art Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo was copied from website above.

Dial 4
The Merchant Adventurers' Hall Dial
Designer: Christopher Daniel
Artisan: Dave Boneham, the York Glaziers Trust. Mr. Boneham now lives in France (2010).
Date: 1998
Size: 25.4 x 50 cm (10 x 19.7 in)
Original Location: Lat. 53º 57' N. & Lon. 01º 05' W. The Merchant Adventurers' Hall, Fossgate York England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 35º east of south
Adornment: Man holding cross-staff to his eye, takes meridian solar altitude observations on the Equinox.
Mottos: "God grant us a safe journey".
Condition: excellent
Comments: This is the first stained glass sundial that I ever saw in person- John Carmichael. It is the sundial that inspired my interest in them. Not only is it a beautiful modern expertly-made SGS, it is located in a most historic wonderful old timber building. This is a “must see” sundial.
Article by Christopher Daniel: (2004) “Sundials” a Shire Book
Article by Christopher Daniel: A Rare Beauty, Navigation in Stained Glass. "Navigation News", Vol. unknown
Article by Christopher Daniel: (Sep 1999) The Merchant Adventures! The Sundial Page, "Clocks" Vol. 22/8
The York Company Website: Here
Information-Britain Website: Here
York Website: Here
Merchant Adventurers' Hall Website: Here
Dav Boneham’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D. Photo ‘b’ is by John Carmichael. Photo ‘d’ is copied from ‘A Rare Beauty’ article. Other photos are from unknown forgotten sources except for photos ‘g’ and ‘h’ which were kindly sent to us by the artist, Dave Boneham

Dial 5
The Gray's Court Dial
Maker: attributed to Henry Gyles (J.T.Brighton, 'Henry Gyles, Virtuoso and Glasspainter of York 1645 -1709').
Date: unknown. Probably 1600's
Original Location: unknown location in England. J.Trevor Brighton suggests that Gray's Court is not its original location and that it was designed for someplace else.
Present Location: Gray's Court at The University College of Ripon and York St John, York England (formerly St John's College).
Orientation: Vertical. Declination is undetermined.
Size: small
Adornment: flower
Mottos: “Ita Vita” (Thus Passes Life)
Condition: cracked. The gnomon is missing.
Comments: Viewing by permission only.
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Article by Christopher Daniel: (2004) “Sundials” a Shire Book
Article by Christopher Daniel: (1995) Stained Glass Sundials at Greys Hall and Tredegar House. "Clockwise Around Wales"
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
University College Of Ripon And York St John Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Tony Moss and taken by him. Photo ‘b’ is by John Carmichael and taken by him in 2004. Photo ‘c’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D and is copied from one of his articles.

Dial 6
The Nun Appleton Dial
Maker: Henry Gyles (1645-1709)
Date: 1670
Original Location: Nun Appleton Hall, York, England.
Present Location: It was removed from the Nun Appleton vestibule at an unknown date and wound up for display at the entrance to York Art Gallery. It was placed in a dark corner where it was back-lit with an electric light box. Andrew James reported in 2008 that it was removed for storage and safekeeping. He thinks that it might be possible to arrange for private viewings at The York Art Gallery.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: unknown (large)
Adornment: Cupid holds a small sundial. Small landscapes with The Four Seasons. House was rebuilt by Sir William Milner whose arms are on a corresponding pane of glass.
Mottos: “Qui non est Hodie” (Who is not today). Lines from Ovid- “Poma dat Autumnus, Formosa est messibus Aestas, Ver praebet fores, Igne levatur hiems”. (Autumn gives fruits, Summer fair with corn appears, Spring bestows flowers, Winter fire cheers).
Condition: excellent despite its age
Comments: Designed from a print by Titian. We need updated information and better photos of this dial.
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
York Art Gallery Website: Here
The Book of Sundials by Gatty: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is from unknown source and shows dial mounted on lightbox at the art gallery. Photo ‘b’ shows dial above entrance door at its original location. This poor quality photo and some of this information are copied from an article by Hans Behrendt called "Alte Englischen Fenstersonnenhren (II)" 1990. Photo ‘c’ is a photocopy of a drawing by Gatty from "The Book of Sun-Dials".

Dial 7
The Ledbury Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1700's or 1800's
Original Location: Lat: 52° 02' N. Lon: 02° 25' W. Church of St. Michael and All Angels, Ledbury, Herefordshire, England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: unknown
Adornment: flower
Mottos: none
Condition: good. Restored in 1988. Rumors say that the dial was reinstalled up-side-down, but when last seen by Chris Daniel, it was sitting up-side-down on a window sill.
Comments: We need current updated information and new high resolution photos of this beautiful dial. Please help.
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
Ledbury, St. Michael Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D and is photocopied from his article. Other photos are photoshopped versions of photo ‘a’

Dial 8
The Roebroeck Projection Heliochronometer
Maker: E. Roebroeck
Date: unknown (late 1900's)
Original Location: Lat: 53° 10.2' N, Lon: 6° 36.7' E. Haren, Netherlands, Groningen province
Present Location: unknown
Orientation: Nodus glass is vertical. Projection screen is horizontal.
Size: unknown (large)
Adornment: none
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: This type of dial was invented in 1994 by Dutch dialist Thibaud Taudin-Chabot. There are no known full-scale examples of this extremely rare sundial type installed anywhere! When lit by the sun, the sundial face on the glass projects its image onto a receiving surface. In a building, this could be a wall or a floor. The sundial doesn't have a fixed gnomon attached. Instead, the gnomon is simply a dot on the receiving surface. As the sun moves across the sky, the projected sundial image moves across the receiving surface. The location of the dot gnomon on the projected image indicates the correct time and can also indicate the date.The lack of a three dimensional gnomon makes this type of dial more resistant to damage. Projection dials must have transparent glass or plastic that's colored or clear. They can't have translucent opalescent glass. This dial has a plastic face has drilled hourly analemmas that project an image on the receiving surface with dot gnomon. Shows Standard Time on the hour and the current date
Thibaud Taudin-Chabot’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: I’ve lost track of who sent me these photos. My apologies to the photographer. j.c.

Dials 9 72 76 98
The Spectra Dials
Designer & Maker: Jim Tallman, owner of Artisan Industrials Corp. Mr. Tallman is one of America’s few professional sundial designers and makers, and he is a good friend and a member of NASS and BSS.
Date: from 2002 to present
Original Location: All dials are custom-designed for desktops or window sills for hundreds of clients from all over the world.
Present Location: Most are probably at their original locations
Orientation: All dials are vertical with different declinations. Most decline south.
Size: height- 27.9 cm (11 in)
Adornment: All have The Equation of Time graph etched on the glass. Some special edition Spectra sundials feature corporate logos or other artwork.
Mottos: Different mottos are engraved on many of the dials.
Inscriptions: Many have different personalized engraved inscriptions.
Condition: Most are probably still in excellent condition.
Comments: These handsome dials make reasonably priced gifts and awards considering that they are custom-made for each client. Dial faces are of thick beveled etched glass panes mounted into handsome sturdy cast stone bases. The beveled glass edges cast colorful moving prism spectral beams on nearby surfaces. All have polar axis sheet metal gnomons. They accurately tell the dates of the solstices and equinoxes and most have date lines for birthdays or anniversaries. Jim Tallman custom-designs and delineates each sundial for each owner’s location and tastes. The North American Sundial Society often awards them to the recipients of the annual Sawyer Dialing Prize. As of 2008, Artisan Industrials is the only American sundial maker that offers custom-made etched glass sundials for sale. You can see additional photos of them on the website below.
Spectra Sundial Page on Website: Here
Artisan Industrials Corp. Website: Here
Jim Tallman’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Jim Tallman. Photo 9b shows several dials in the Spectra Series.
Dial 9:
Dial 72:
Dial 76:
Dial 98:

Dial 1
The Dragonfly Dial
Maker: Amy R. Handford
Date: Late 1900's. early 2000's
Original Location: St. Paul MN USA. This sundial is ornamental and not designed for any particular location.
Present Location: unknown
Orientation: Horizontal
Size: unknown
Adornment: dragonfly on flower
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: This is from a series of similar dials that Handford calls "stepping stone stained glass sundials". They are made from cast concrete with inlaid stained glass. They do not tell time precisely because the decorative gnomons have a nonlinear irregular shadow casting edge, and I doubt they were delineated correctly. j.c.
Amy's Art Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo was copied from website above.

Dial 2
The King Tut Dial
Maker: Amy R. Handford
Date: Late 1900's. early 2000's
Original Location: St. Paul MN USA. This sundial is ornamental and not designed for any particular location.
Present Location: Dallas Texas
Orientation: Horizontal
Size: unknown
Adornment: King Tut
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: This is from a series of similar dials that Handford calls "Stepping stone stained glass sundials". They are made from cast concrete with inlaid stained glass. They do not tell time precisely because the decorative gnomons have a nonlinear irregular shadow casting edge, and I doubt they were delineated correctly. j.c.
Amy's Art Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos was copied from website above.

Dial 3
The Carousel Horse Dial
Maker: Amy R. Handford
Date: Late 1900's. early 2000's
Original Location: St. Paul MN USA. This sundial is ornamental and not designed for any particular location.
Present Location: unknown
Orientation: Horizontal
Size: unknown
Adornment: horse on carousel
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: This is from a series of similar dials that Handford calls "Stepping stone stained glass sundials". They are made from cast concrete with inlaid stained glass. They do not tell time precisely because the decorative gnomons have a nonlinear irregular shadow casting edge, and I doubt they were delineated correctly. j.c.
Amy's Art Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo was copied from website above.

Dial 4
The Merchant Adventurers' Hall Dial
Designer: Christopher Daniel
Artisan: Dave Boneham, the York Glaziers Trust. Mr. Boneham now lives in France (2010).
Date: 1998
Size: 25.4 x 50 cm (10 x 19.7 in)
Original Location: Lat. 53º 57' N. & Lon. 01º 05' W. The Merchant Adventurers' Hall, Fossgate York England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 35º east of south
Adornment: Man holding cross-staff to his eye, takes meridian solar altitude observations on the Equinox.
Mottos: "God grant us a safe journey".
Condition: excellent
Comments: This is the first stained glass sundial that I ever saw in person- John Carmichael. It is the sundial that inspired my interest in them. Not only is it a beautiful modern expertly-made SGS, it is located in a most historic wonderful old timber building. This is a “must see” sundial.
Article by Christopher Daniel: (2004) “Sundials” a Shire Book
Article by Christopher Daniel: A Rare Beauty, Navigation in Stained Glass. "Navigation News", Vol. unknown
Article by Christopher Daniel: (Sep 1999) The Merchant Adventures! The Sundial Page, "Clocks" Vol. 22/8
The York Company Website: Here
Information-Britain Website: Here
York Website: Here
Merchant Adventurers' Hall Website: Here
Dav Boneham’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D. Photo ‘b’ is by John Carmichael. Photo ‘d’ is copied from ‘A Rare Beauty’ article. Other photos are from unknown forgotten sources except for photos ‘g’ and ‘h’ which were kindly sent to us by the artist, Dave Boneham

Dial 5
The Gray's Court Dial
Maker: attributed to Henry Gyles (J.T.Brighton, 'Henry Gyles, Virtuoso and Glasspainter of York 1645 -1709').
Date: unknown. Probably 1600's
Original Location: unknown location in England. J.Trevor Brighton suggests that Gray's Court is not its original location and that it was designed for someplace else.
Present Location: Gray's Court at The University College of Ripon and York St John, York England (formerly St John's College).
Orientation: Vertical. Declination is undetermined.
Size: small
Adornment: flower
Mottos: “Ita Vita” (Thus Passes Life)
Condition: cracked. The gnomon is missing.
Comments: Viewing by permission only.
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Article by Christopher Daniel: (2004) “Sundials” a Shire Book
Article by Christopher Daniel: (1995) Stained Glass Sundials at Greys Hall and Tredegar House. "Clockwise Around Wales"
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
University College Of Ripon And York St John Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Tony Moss and taken by him. Photo ‘b’ is by John Carmichael and taken by him in 2004. Photo ‘c’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D and is copied from one of his articles.

Dial 6
The Nun Appleton Dial
Maker: Henry Gyles (1645-1709)
Date: 1670
Original Location: Nun Appleton Hall, York, England.
Present Location: It was removed from the Nun Appleton vestibule at an unknown date and wound up for display at the entrance to York Art Gallery. It was placed in a dark corner where it was back-lit with an electric light box. Andrew James reported in 2008 that it was removed for storage and safekeeping. He thinks that it might be possible to arrange for private viewings at The York Art Gallery.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: unknown (large)
Adornment: Cupid holds a small sundial. Small landscapes with The Four Seasons. House was rebuilt by Sir William Milner whose arms are on a corresponding pane of glass.
Mottos: “Qui non est Hodie” (Who is not today). Lines from Ovid- “Poma dat Autumnus, Formosa est messibus Aestas, Ver praebet fores, Igne levatur hiems”. (Autumn gives fruits, Summer fair with corn appears, Spring bestows flowers, Winter fire cheers).
Condition: excellent despite its age
Comments: Designed from a print by Titian. We need updated information and better photos of this dial.
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
York Art Gallery Website: Here
The Book of Sundials by Gatty: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is from unknown source and shows dial mounted on lightbox at the art gallery. Photo ‘b’ shows dial above entrance door at its original location. This poor quality photo and some of this information are copied from an article by Hans Behrendt called "Alte Englischen Fenstersonnenhren (II)" 1990. Photo ‘c’ is a photocopy of a drawing by Gatty from "The Book of Sun-Dials".

Dial 7
The Ledbury Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1700's or 1800's
Original Location: Lat: 52° 02' N. Lon: 02° 25' W. Church of St. Michael and All Angels, Ledbury, Herefordshire, England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: unknown
Adornment: flower
Mottos: none
Condition: good. Restored in 1988. Rumors say that the dial was reinstalled up-side-down, but when last seen by Chris Daniel, it was sitting up-side-down on a window sill.
Comments: We need current updated information and new high resolution photos of this beautiful dial. Please help.
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
Ledbury, St. Michael Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D and is photocopied from his article. Other photos are photoshopped versions of photo ‘a’

Dial 8
The Roebroeck Projection Heliochronometer
Maker: E. Roebroeck
Date: unknown (late 1900's)
Original Location: Lat: 53° 10.2' N, Lon: 6° 36.7' E. Haren, Netherlands, Groningen province
Present Location: unknown
Orientation: Nodus glass is vertical. Projection screen is horizontal.
Size: unknown (large)
Adornment: none
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: This type of dial was invented in 1994 by Dutch dialist Thibaud Taudin-Chabot. There are no known full-scale examples of this extremely rare sundial type installed anywhere! When lit by the sun, the sundial face on the glass projects its image onto a receiving surface. In a building, this could be a wall or a floor. The sundial doesn't have a fixed gnomon attached. Instead, the gnomon is simply a dot on the receiving surface. As the sun moves across the sky, the projected sundial image moves across the receiving surface. The location of the dot gnomon on the projected image indicates the correct time and can also indicate the date.The lack of a three dimensional gnomon makes this type of dial more resistant to damage. Projection dials must have transparent glass or plastic that's colored or clear. They can't have translucent opalescent glass. This dial has a plastic face has drilled hourly analemmas that project an image on the receiving surface with dot gnomon. Shows Standard Time on the hour and the current date
Thibaud Taudin-Chabot’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: I’ve lost track of who sent me these photos. My apologies to the photographer. j.c.

Dials 9 72 76 98
The Spectra Dials
Designer & Maker: Jim Tallman, owner of Artisan Industrials Corp. Mr. Tallman is one of America’s few professional sundial designers and makers, and he is a good friend and a member of NASS and BSS.
Date: from 2002 to present
Original Location: All dials are custom-designed for desktops or window sills for hundreds of clients from all over the world.
Present Location: Most are probably at their original locations
Orientation: All dials are vertical with different declinations. Most decline south.
Size: height- 27.9 cm (11 in)
Adornment: All have The Equation of Time graph etched on the glass. Some special edition Spectra sundials feature corporate logos or other artwork.
Mottos: Different mottos are engraved on many of the dials.
Inscriptions: Many have different personalized engraved inscriptions.
Condition: Most are probably still in excellent condition.
Comments: These handsome dials make reasonably priced gifts and awards considering that they are custom-made for each client. Dial faces are of thick beveled etched glass panes mounted into handsome sturdy cast stone bases. The beveled glass edges cast colorful moving prism spectral beams on nearby surfaces. All have polar axis sheet metal gnomons. They accurately tell the dates of the solstices and equinoxes and most have date lines for birthdays or anniversaries. Jim Tallman custom-designs and delineates each sundial for each owner’s location and tastes. The North American Sundial Society often awards them to the recipients of the annual Sawyer Dialing Prize. As of 2008, Artisan Industrials is the only American sundial maker that offers custom-made etched glass sundials for sale. You can see additional photos of them on the website below.
Spectra Sundial Page on Website: Here
Artisan Industrials Corp. Website: Here
Jim Tallman’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Jim Tallman. Photo 9b shows several dials in the Spectra Series.
Dial 9:
Dial 72:
Dial 76:
Dial 98:

Dial 10
The Buckland Abbey Dial
Designer: Christopher Daniel
Artisans: Lord Cardross (cartoon artist), Norman Altwood (glass painter), and other artisans of the Messers Goddard & Gibbs Ltd. studios
Date: 1998
Size: 48 x 40.7 cm (18.9 x 16 in)
Original Location: lat: 50° 29’ 00” N; lon: 4° 07’47” W. In Buckland Abbey's western window, Yelverton Devon, England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 66° west of south
Size: unknown
Adornment: Golden Hind sails on 8 pm line from Plymouth to Porto Bello
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: One of the nicest modern SGS in England. Owned and commissioned by the English National Trust.  Gnomon is on exterior window frame. Dial commemorates 400th anniversary of Drake's death. Copyright Chris Daniel, 8 The Maltings, Abbey Street, Faversham, Kent, ME13 7DU, UK. Artisans' names are engraved in the gnomon.
Article by Christopher Daniel: (2004) “Sundials” a Shire Book
Article by Christopher Daniel: (Aug 1998) The Sundial Page, "Clocks" Vol. 21/7
National Trust Website: Here
Tour UK Website: Here
Heritage Trail Website: Here
Information Britain Website: Here
Waymarking.com Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D. Photo ‘b’ is from Waymarking.com website. Other photos are from unknown source.

Dial 11
The Blue Dial and its Companion Window
Maker: It was originally thought that the signed maker's initials "W.P." referred to William Price or his father. Chris Daniel thinks it is probably by William Pollicott.
Date: 1655 ("Feb. V (?) A. D. DMDCLV"). Companion window says- "This Fabricke was new erected, Ao-1655.  Robert Harper, & John Pride then Church wardens."
Original Location: The London parish church of St. Clement Danes, England.
Present Location: In private collection at undisclosed location in England. Attractively displayed in the living room on a wall-mounted electric light box.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines east of south.
Size: 34 x 57 cm (13.3 x 22.4 in)
Adornment: various heraldic designs
Mottos: "LVMEN UMBRA DEI" (Light is God's Shadow), and “Hoc fieri fecit vitrum” (quod pignus amoris) “Febr V(?) Ao-D-MDCLV.  W. P.”
Condition: fair but cracked
Comments: Also called "The St Clement Danes Dial". Signed and dated MDCLV. Restored in June 29th 1816 by Anthony (?) Henderson. Restored again in 2004 by George Wigley, Monastery Stained Glass using epoxy method to eliminate old 1816 repair came which exposed the cracks. The owner wishes to remain anonymous. John Carmichael saw this dial in person in 2006 and says that it is being well-cared for by its owner and is beautifully displayed. Another box displays the Companion window. It is in good hands.
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Article by Christopher Daniel: (Jun 2004) St Clement Danes. The Sundial Page, "Clocks" Vol. 27/6
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ shows dial after 1816 restoration. Photo ‘b’ shows dial after 2004 restoration. Photo ‘c’ shows the Companion Window. Photo ‘d’ is photo ‘a’ but with a black background. Photo ‘e’ shows the gnomon hole. Photo ‘f’ shows photos ‘a’ and ‘c’. The photographer wishes to remain anonymous but says that anyone may use these photos.

Dial 12
The Bowden Porthole Dial
Co-designer and Delineator: Lee Bowden
Co-designer and Glazier: Joanne Bowden
Date: 1997
Original Location: Lat: 35° 43' N; Lon: 83° 59' W. Installed in a porthole type window 15 ft. above the entrance to Bowden's home, Maryville TN USA
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: vertical. Declines 63.5° east of south.
Size: diameter-76 cm (30 in)
Adornment: yellow and green wispy glass. There are no hour numerals for artistic reasons.
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: This is the first known stained glass sundial made in the United States. It has ten pieces of glass. It tells longitude corrected time, apparent Solar Noon, and has the declination lines for the purchase date of the Bowden's house. Nodus is a 'T' bar on wood gnomon. We are looking for better photos of this dial.
Article by Lee & Joanne Bowden (124 KB): (March 1997) A Stained Glass Window Sundial. "The Compendium" NASS Vol. 4-1 pgs. 24-26
Photo Descriptions: Photo copied from the Compendium article above.

Dial 13
The Shaw Double Pane Dial
Maker: Mike Shaw
Date: 2001
Original Location: Lat: 53° 22' N, Lon: 3° 2' W. Wirral England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: declines 76° west of south
Size: face- 40 x 40 cm (15.7 x 15.7 in), pane separation: .44 cm (.17 in)
Adornment: none
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: A prototype table-top or window sill dial. Unique double glazed etched glass design. The outer pane has an etched double arrow gnomon that casts a shadow on the sundial face of the inner pane. Tells equinoxes, solstices and the time.
Mike Shaw’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is courtesy of Mike Shaw.

Dial 14
The Ulm Rathaus Dial
Maker: Hans Harderbeck
2009 Gnomon Restorer: Ulrich Weyer, Elbestr. 1, 89231 Neu-Ulm, Germany
Date: c. 1540
Original Location: Lat: 48° 24´ N. (from GPS) Lon: 9° 59’ E. In an old Book (Geburtsstundenbuch) from 1572 the latitude of Ulm is quoted with 48° 26´. The sundial is in the east wall of the little conference hall of Rathaus (City Hall), Marktplatz 1, Ulm Germany
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines east.
Size: 62 x 42.5 cm (24.4 x 16.7 in)
Adornment: On the left side is a knight in his armour with the banner of the German emperor and on the right side a mercenary with the black and white stripes banner of Ulm. The adjacent windows show the coats of arms of important aldermen and families of the free imperial city of Ulm. The shield with the black and white colors is the coat of arms of Ulm, the shield with the double headed eagle is the coat of arms of the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of German Nation.
Mottos: Original text- “Es stirbt der herr mit sampt dem knecht, Der frum(m) und auch der ungerecht, Unnd niemand wird am morgen geben, Zu wissen dises Aubens leben, Unnd ehe der mensch das recht befindt, Stund tag und Jar vergangen sind” (Trans- The Lord will die and equally the servant, The pious and the unjust man, And nobody will claim in the morning, To be still alive in the evening, And ere man comprehends this totally, Hours, days and years have gone)
Condition: Very good considering its great age! It has been cracked and re-leaded at some unknown date in the past. The gnomon has been restored at least once at an unknown date before 2004. But the ‘L’shaped gnomon had an incorrect orientation when it was inspected in 2009 by German professor, Ulrich Weyer (see photo ‘f’). Thanks to Mr. Weyer’s admirable efforts, The Lord Mayor of Ulm, Ivo Gönner, gave him permission to construct a new gnomon and to orient it correctly. It is a rectangular bar (400 mm x 19 mm x 2 mm). The edge next to the protective glass is toothed, and the top edge is plane. One reads the time from the shadow cast by the top smooth edge. Reading the bar shadow is a bit confusing, because it means that before VI you read the right (south) side of the shadow, at exactly VI you read the center of the shadow, and after IV you read the left (north) side of the shadow. His team constructed the gnomon in such a way that they can adjust the distance to the glass pane and the angle a little bit. In July 2009 he told us that he is measuring the distance of the shadow from the 6 o’clock line at different times in order to adjust the gnomon precisely. The investigation will take some time.
Comments: This is the world’s second oldest known stained glass sundial and is one of the world’s finest and most adored old sundials. It is the oldest stained glass sundial known that is still in sitio in its original location. It is one of my personal favorites (jc). The sundial is protected by an exterior clear glass pane. The new gnomon is 76.5 mm above inner side of the sundial. We’d like to thank Ulrich Weyer for his loving attention to restoring this fine old historical sundial. Hats off to him! We are most grateful for the new photos he sent us.
Behrendt VHS Transcript: Here
Baden-Wuerttemberg Website: Here
Ulm Website: Here
Flickr Website: Here
Flickr Website: Here
Flickr Website: Here
Ulrich Weyer’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is from an unknown source and we acquired it around 2004 I think. Photos ‘b’ to ‘l’ were taken by Ulrich Weyer in 2009 and were kindly sent to us by him. Photo ‘b’ is an interior photo that shows the shadow from the 2009 restored correctly aligned gnomon. Photo ‘c’ shows all the interior windows along the interior east wall of the little conference room. Photo ‘d’ shows magnificent east side windows and building from the exterior with five human figures- the central figure is of Emperor Charles the Great flanked by a german shield bearer on the left side and a french shield bearer on the right. On the far left is the king of Hungary and on the far right the king of Bohemia. Photo ‘e’ shows the previous bent gnomon with the wrong orientation. Photo ‘f’ shows sundial window with the new gnomon and the gorgeous central figure of Emperor Charles the Great. Photos ‘g’ to ‘l’ show the windows close-up from the interior. Photo ‘m’ is an old photo of the Rathaus copied from an unknown website. Photos ‘n’, ‘o’, ‘p’ are from the Flickr websites above. Photo ‘q’ is an analysis done by John Carmichael comparing the sundial to Shadows Pro sundial generator program drawings to determine the correct placement of the new gnomon. This verifys that Ulrich Weyer’s calculations were correct. Please ask photographers permission to use their photos. Photo ‘r’- shows the new gnomo. Photo ‘s’- shows measurements of time lines. Photo ‘t’- shows the new gnomon’s shadow

Dial 15
A Diptych Projection Dial
Designer: L. Papirius Cursor (Robert Terwilliger)
Date: March, 1995
Original Location: drawing appears in NASS "Compendium" (Vol. 2-1, 03/95, p12. Ave Amici by L. Papirius Cursor)
Orientation: Vertical. Faces south and made for 40° N. and adjusted (tilted) to work at 25° N.
Size: pedestal size
Adornment: none
Mottos: none
Comments: This is a conceptual drawing. This type of dial was recently invented in 1994 by Dutch dialist Thibaud Taudin-Chabot. There are no known full-scale examples of this extremely rare sundial type installed anywhere. When lit by the sun, the sundial face on the glass projects its image onto a receiving surface. In a building, this could be a wall or a floor. The sundial doesn't have a fixed gnomon attached. Instead, the gnomon is simply a dot on the receiving surface. As the sun moves across the sky, the projected sundial image moves across the receiving surface. The location of the dot gnomon on the projected image indicates the correct time and can also indicate the date.The lack of a three dimensional gnomon makes this type of dial more resistant to damage. Projection dials must have transparent glass or plastic that's colored or clear. They can't have translucent opalescent glass
Article by Fred Sawyer: (August 1994) A Stained Glass Diptych Pattern. "The Compendium" Vol. 1-3 pgs. 6-8 NASS
Article by Robert Terwilliger: (pen Name: Ave Amici. L. Papirius Cursor) (March 1995). Ave Amici. "The Compendium" Vol. 2-1 pg. 12 NASS
Article by Thibaud Taudin-Chabot: (August 1994) A Transparent Window Dial. "The Compendium" Vol. 1-3 pgs. 6-8 NASS
Twig's Digs Website: Here
Robert Terwilliger’s Email: Here
Thibaud Taudin-Chabot’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is copied from ‘The Compendium’.

Dial 16
The Bateman Noon Dial
Maker: Douglas Bateman
Engraver: T & W Ide
Date: 1996
Original Location: Lat: 51° 16' 45" N. Lon: 0° 47' 33" W. On curtain wall of Cody Building, QinetiQ Ltd, Farnborough England
Present Location: At original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 13.5° west of south
Size: 2 x 1.2 m (78.7 x 47 in)
Adornment: none
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: Acid etched glass with shot blasted beaded analemma that's gilded in gold leaf. Elliptical disc gnomon with solar image projection hole. Shows Apparent and Mean noon and the date. Accuracy: +/- 7 seconds.
Article by Christopher Daniel (1 MB): (Dec 1996) A Shattering Experience. The Sundial Page, "Clocks" Vol. 9/7
"Sundials in Dera" (PDF 2MB) Booklet: Here
"The Noon Dial" (PDF 643 KB) Booklet: Here
Qinetiq’s Website: Here
Doug Bateman’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’- Interior view of dial and gnomon. Photo ‘b’- Interior view at noon on winter solstice. Photo ‘c’- Exterior view after noon on equinox. Photo ‘d’- Interior view from concourse below balcony
Photos of Window Construction: Here

Dial 17
The Hartman Shelter Dial
Maker: Claude Hartman, Arroyo Grande, CA, USA
Date: 1998
Original Location: Ruette Austria
Present Location: current location unknown
Orientation: 2 faces: horizontal and south reclining
Size: unknown
Adornment: flower hour markers and landscape
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: Award winning design. Graphics show drawings and prototype.
Article by Claude Hartman: (August 2000) The Ruette Sundial Competition. "The Compendium" NASS Vol. 7-2 pgs. 24-27
Claude Hartman’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Claude Hartman.

Dial 18
The Hartman Skylight Dial
Maker: Claude Hartman
Date: 1999
Original Location: Sundial is the porch ceiling at Mr. Hartman’s home in Arroyo Grande, CA, USA.
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Horizontal
Size: unknown (large)
Adornment: hourly analemmas
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: The only known full-scale ceiling transparent sundial. Face is shade cloth. Gnomon is simply a gap in another shade cloth placed above the sundial face. Note how it uses a bright slash of sunlight (or "antishadow") to mark the hour!
Claude Hartman’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Claude Hartman.

Dial 19
The Marlborough Dial
Maker: Unknown, possibly John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: Possibly 1653
Original Location: in the upper centre window of the Paneled Chamber 20 ft. (6m.) above ground level at The Merchant's House, Marlborough, Wiltshire England.
Present Location: at original location, Marlborough England
Orientation: Vertical. Declines about 45° East of South
Size: 18.7 x 22.2 cm (47.5 x 8.7 in)
Adornment: Golden scroll surrounds dial face. Fly in empty inner field whose left side margin is the meridian line. Tendrils are on margin. Angel heads are on left and right. Below is a horned face mask.
Mottos: "Dum Spectas Fugio" (While you watch, I fly), "Sic Vita" (So doth life)
Condition: Original bolted gnomon and mounting bar was struck by lightning sometime before 1863 when Gatty sketched the dial, and it fell off, cracking the glass. Cracks were re-leaded sometime in the late 1990s by an unknown glazier. In July 2004 restorers (BSS dialists David Brown & Peter Walker) installed an improvised replacement 4 mm stainless steel rod gnomon painted with green enamel. It's attached to a vertical support stay that's screwed to the building's wood molding above the dial. Small screws at the top of the stay helped the installer to properly adjust the gnomon's position. Gatty's sketch shows the top decorative pane which no longer exists.
Comments: Gatty mentions the superb realistic painting of the fly- “the wings were painted on one side of the glass while the body and legs were on the other side, so as to deceive the spectator". The number "45" is scratched to the outside of the glass near the gnomon attachment point and is probably the dial's declination.
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Gatty Article from Book: Here
Gatty Book: Gatty, Mrs. (1872, with 4th edition in 1900) Stained Glass Window Sundials. "The Book of Sun-Dials". Eden & Loyd, London
Marlborough Website: Here
Merchant’s House Website: Here
Wiltshire Website: Here
Flickr Website: Here
David Brown’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’ to ‘i’ are courtesy of Andrew James and David Brown. Photo ‘j’ is courtesy of alh1 from Flickr website above.

Dial 20
The La Sapienza Noon Dial
Maker: Mario Catamo, Cesare Lucarini
Date: 2000
Original Location: On a large window at Faculty of Pharmacy, University "La Sapienza", Rome Italy
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Probably declines south
Size: unknown
Adornment: Medieval pharmacopiae alchemical symbols surround the analemma.
Mottos: “Hora Aetnea XII, Si Sedes Nox Is, 2000” (trans?)
Condition: unknown
Comments: Dial has an etched glass face. A Standard Time noon dial that also tells the date. Unique external gnomon is a tri-focal lens system.
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Mario Catamo.

Dials 21 22 23
The Grotto Dials
Maker: Alessandro Grotto
Date: 2000
Original Location: Lat: 45.52° N, Lon: 11.55° E. In private residence, Vicenza Italy
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: All are vertical. Dials 21 & 22 decline 63° west of south; Dial 23 declines 27.22° west of south.
Size: unknown
Adornment: The Equation of Time
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: These are made for exterior balcony railings, window sills or table-tops.  The gnomon is opposite the viewing side, and is made with a taut cable, with a small sphere for a nodus.  These dials also tell the date.
Alessandro Grotto Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Alessandro Grotto.
Dial 21:
Dial 22:
Dial 23:

Dial 24
The Murer Map Dial
Maker: by artist Josias Murer of Oberwinterthur Switzerland from brother Johann Murer's (1556-1641) instructions.
Date: 1620 or 1630 according to Monika Leonhardt, M.A. at Uhrenmuseum Beyer (Beyer Clock Museum) in Zurich.
Original Location: lat: 47º 33' N, Lon: 7º 35' E. We previously thought that its original location was in a leaded window at the Federal Astronomical Observatory of Zurich in Switzerland. In 2008, Mrs. Sigrid Pallmert SLM, curator of the Swiss National Museum in Zürich, told us in 2008 that its original location was at “Eidgenössische Sternwarte Zürich” (Semper Sternwarte, near the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology).
Present Location: In July 2008, with the help of Monika Leonhardt and Sigrid Pallmert, we found out that the sundial now is in the depository of the Swiss National Museum in Affoltern am Albis. Sadly, it is not on display.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: Hans Behrendt said that it measures 30 cm (11.8 in) in diameter, but Sigrid Pallmert says that it measures 27.5 cm (10.82 in).
Adornment: map of Europe, zodiacal signs.
Mottos: ‘Vt hora Sic uita fugit’. In Latin only one letter is used for “U” and “V”. So You have to read UT HORA SIC VITA FUGIT: (trans. ALIKE THE HOUR LIFE FLIES)
Inscriptions: At the top it says- "Johan Murer Pfarrer zu Rickenb." ("Johan Murer rector at Rickenbach").
Condition: A photograph of it sent to us in July 2008 shows it to be in excellent condition. But the gnomon might be missing.
Comments: Dial has four time systems. Indicates where in the world it is noon. Several reproductions exist.
Article by Hans Behrendt (in German): Here
Behrendt VHS Transcript (in German): Here
Swiss Museum Website: Here
Monika Leohardt’s Email: Here
Sigrid Pallmert’s Email: Here
Andrea Kunz’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Copying and reproduction of photos ‘a’ and ‘b’ is strictly prohibited without written permission from Swiss National Museum. John Carmichael has signed a permission form with the museum which allows us to publish the photo here. Contact Andrea Kunz at the museum for permission. Other photos may be used without permission. Photo ‘a’ is the best known photo of the actual sundial that is owned by the Swiss National Museum in Zurich. In July 2008, Monika Leonhardt sent it to John Carmichael. She obtained the photo from Sigrid Pallmert. John has asked Mrs. Pallmert and Andrea Kunz, lic. phil to send him a better high resolution photo. Photo a’s negative number at the museum is- COL-0638. Photo ‘b’ is a cropped copy of photo ‘a’. Photo ‘c’ is copied from Hans Behrendt’s videotape and probably shows the actual sundial mounted in a leaded window at its original location. Photos ‘d’ and ‘e’ are window hanging modern reproductions. Photo ‘f’ is a still frame copy from Hans Behrendt’s videotape showing a table-top reproduction. Photo ‘g’ is an excellent black and white drawing of the original sundial by an unknown artist.

Dial 25
The Oglesby Deck Dial
Maker: Mac Oglesby
Date: 1991
Original Location: Lat: 36.8° N. Long: 81.8° W. in private residence, Glade Spring, VA, USA
Present Location: private collection, Brattleboro VT, USA
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 27° east
Size: 30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 in)
Adornment: none
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: 12" square Plexiglas in redwood frame. Gnomon glued to plastic. Black hour dots are 1/4" dimples drilled into the sunny side, then painted black before the entire sunny side was sanded (for paint adhesion) and sprayed yellow. Not too thick, not too thin, just the right amount of paint for proper translucence. Vinyl, self-adhesive numerals and letters.
Mac Oglesby’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Mac Oglesby.

Dial 26
The Eversden Parva Dial
Designer: George Higgs
Artisan: David Gulland
Date: unknown
Original Location: in private collection, somewhere in England.
Present Location: unknown
Orientation: Vertical. Declines west
Size: 17.8 x 22.9 cm (7 x 9 in)
Adornment: wild boar in country, The Equation of Time
Mottos: none
Adornment: wild boar in country, The Equation of Time, the inscription: "Eversden Parva"
Condition: excellent
Comments: etched glass for window hanging. Designed to hang 2.54 cm (1 in) in front of a window's interior side. Dial has an aperture gnomon that's a dot painted on the house's window with a tiny hole in its center that casts a light beam onto the etched glass dial face.
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of the owner who wishes to remain anonymous.

Dial 27
The George Higgs Memorial Dial
Glass Engraver: David Gulland
Designer and Delineator: John Higgs, son of George Higgs
Date: 1994
Original Location: Lat: 54° 50' N; Lon: 4° 03' W. On the second floor at rear of the building. Tolbooth Art Centre, Kirkcudbright, Scotland
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 30° west of south.
Size: unknown
Adornment: The window dial in Kirkcudbright is divided into four panes, three of which depict Galloway sundials associated with Higgs. The engraving in the fourth pane is of a vertical declining dial and graph of the equation of time to enable the correction for Greenwich Mean Time to be applied. Also etched are The Equation of Time and British Sundial Society logo.
Mottos: None
Inscriptions: 1900 GRH 1994, BSS
Condition: excellent
Comments: Four pane window of double pane etched glass installed by members of the British Sundial Society to honor the distinguished work of BSS chairman, George Higgs (1900 -1994). for his design and restoration of sundials in Scotland. Sundial is in lower right pane. The gnomon is an engraved spot on the outer pane and which casts its shadow on the abraded surface of the inner pane was an original concept designed by Higgs. He discovered subsequently that this idea had first been suggested in 17th century France. Open to the public.
Article by David Young: (1997) The George Higgs Memorial Window
Tolbooth Art Centre Website: Here
Kirk Cudbright Website: Here
24 Hour Museum Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’- Original photo. Photos ‘b’ and ‘c’- Transformed photos with black and white glass on false color background. Photo ‘d’- Sundial Pane.

Dial 28
The Widdington Church Dial
Maker: prob. John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: 1664
Original Location: South wall of Widdington Church, Essex England
Present Location: The dial has been re-mounted in a north window of Widdington Church which has a protective grill outside.
Orientation: originally for a vertical south wall
Size: 46 x 23 cm (18.1 x 9 in)
Adornment: crown, hourglass & wings
Mottos: none
Condition: cracked, re-leaded, gnomon missing
Comments: The church guide says- "SUNDIAL with hourglass and crown, dated 1664. Originally in one of the south windows and placed here in 1874. This window may be earlier than 12th century." Since we are certain that this window is not from the 12th century, Mike Cowham rightly says- "I am not sure what part of the window is supposed to be 12th century unless it is the stone frame!" We are looking for a color copy of Eden's drawing.
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D and shows actual sundial at original location. Photo ‘b’ is courtesy of Mike Cowham, taken Jan 2005 and shows remounted sundial at new location with grill. Photo ‘c’ is a photocopy of drawing by F. Sydney Eden that is probably of a reproduction. Original color drawing is at the Victoria & Albert Museum, London England (Catalog # E297-1922). Photos ‘d’ and ‘e’ are by John Carmichael.

Dial 29
The Non Sine Lumine Dial
Maker: John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: 1664 or 1665
Original Location: somewhere in England
Present Location: Unknown exactly. Last known to be in a private collection in the late 1900 in Southport Ct USA.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines west
Size: unknown
Adornment: a fly
Mottos: "non sine lumine" (Not without light)
Condition: unknown
Comments: by Mr. Lane: “Designed like a mathematical scale. The style of the inscription appears on a number of dials attributed to John Oliver.” If anybody knows where this dial is located or has more photos, please tell us.
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Geoffrey Lane from his BSS Bulletin article (see link above).

Dial 30
The Nailsea Court Dial
Maker: probably by John Oliver (1616-1701), but there isn't direct evidence to support it.
Date: 1686
Original Location: Lat: 51.43° N; Lon: 2.75° W. In the Langford Room at Nailsea Court, Somerset (Avon) England
Present Location: stolen from Nailsea Court, present location unknown.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines about 35° East of South
Size: 26.1 x 18.7 cm (10 1/4 x 7 3/8 in)
Adornment: bird on branch looks at fly, winged hourglass, ornamental cartouche
Mottos: Dum Spectas Fugio (While you Watch I Flee)
Condition: cracked. Gnomon hole in glass
Comments: The Nailsea Court dial, one of England's most famous sundials, is frequently copied & recopied. Now lost. In January 2007 a replacement reproduction made by Carol Arnold was installed at Nailsea Court in the original window. See photos of it on the 21st century page of this website- Dial 367.
Article by Christopher Daniel: (2004) “Sundials” a Shire Book
Article by Chris Daniel: ‘Bird in Hand’ from "Clocks" magazine, Vol. 24/9, Oct 2001
Description of Carol Arnold's Reproduction Prototype: Here
Nailsea Court Website: Here
Carol Arnold's Reproduction Website: Here
Replacement Reproduction (Dial 367): Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D and photo ‘a’ is the original Nailsea Court dial. Photo ‘b’ is courtesy of Antonio J. Cañones and is a drawing by Wilfred Drake of the Derby dial which was last reported to be in the A. L. Radford collection in New York. The Derby Dial is a good 1888 reproduction by Frederick Drake that was made for Derby England. Photos ‘c’ and ‘d’ are a dial that was recently discovered in New York and purchased for private collection in Spain- this might be a copy of the Derby Dial. It's 30 cm tall with painting on both sides and hangs from a chain. Photo ‘e’ and ‘j’ are of Carol Arnold’s St Michaels Dial- the replacement prototype (Dial 223). ‘Photo ‘f’’ is the building. Photo ‘g’ is close-up of original dial. Photo ‘h’ is a 1923 sketch of The Langford Room showing the dial's original location. Photo ‘i’ is of entire window group.

Dial 31
The Lambeth Palace Dial
Maker: John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: 1600's
Original Location: Originally was in the Presence Chamber of Lambeth Palace, London, England.
Present Location: Was moved to a window in Lollard's Tower of Lambeth Palace, London, England. It's unknown if it's still there.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south
Size: unknown
Adornment: a fly
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: drawing by F. Sydney Eden. Original color drawing of sundial is in the print Room Collection at the Victoria & Albert Museum, London England (Catalog # E956-1926). We are looking for more information and better photos of this dial or a color copy of Eden's drawing.
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Lambeth Palace Library Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is from unknown source.

Dial 32
The Hexagon Dial
Maker: John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: 1665
Original Location: somewhere in England
Present Location: unknown. Last seen in the Wilfred Drake collection
Orientation: Vertical. Declination is undetermined.
Size: unknown
Adornment: a fly
Mottos: “Dum Spectas Fugio, Mors Venit” (I fly while you watch, death comes)
Condition: unknown. Gnomon is missing.
Comments: drawing by F. Sydney Eden. We are looking for more information and better photos of this dial.
Photo Descriptions: Photo is from unknown source.

Dial 33
The Roy Grossvenor Thomas Dial
Maker: prob. John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: 1652
Original Location: somewhere in England
Present Location: Roy Grossvenor Thomas Collection
Orientation: Vertical. Declination is undetermined.
Size: unknown
Adornment: fly, hourglass, wings
Mottos: "Tempus dax rerum" (Time, the devourer of all things)
Condition: unknown
Comments: We are looking for more information and better photos of this dial.
Behrendt VHS Transcript: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is from unknown source.

Dial 34
The Sleeping Sun Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘b’ is the original photo, and photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of it.

Dial 35
The Sun & Doves Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘b’ is the original photo, and photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of it.

Dial 36
The Sun & Hourlines Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of the original which is missing.

Dial 37
The Green Rainbow Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of the original which is missing.

Dial 38
The Red Drops Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of the original which is missing.

Dial 39
The Sun with Moustache Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of the original which is missing.

Dial 40
The Lullingstone Castle Dial
Maker: unknown, possibly by Henry Gyles (1645-1709)
Date: 2nd half of the 1600's
Original Location: Lullingstone Castle, Kent, England
Present Location: south side of St. Botolph's Church, Lullingstone, Kent, England
Orientation: declines about 15º west of south
Size: 60 x 30 cm (24 x 12 in)
Adornment: A very realistic fly with wings and body is on different sides of the glass. There is a sun face and Father Time with a scythe and an hour glass. At top corners two putti are holding festoons of ribbon. Below the dial is a square panel with painting in enamel of a four-masted ship in full sail having two tiers of guns, in a stormy sea (Trevor Brighton says this signifies the passing of time). Some initials (might be “R W J 22-om”) were scratched on the external surface above the 'noon' symbol.
Mottos: Immediately below the dial, almost hidden by an iron saddlebar, is “ASPICE ME VT ASPICIAR” (look at me and I am looked at)
Condition: good, cracked glass surrounds 5 mm gnomon hole. Gnomon is missing. Three other holes (3 mm dia.), probably for support stays, have been drilled in the outer glass perimeter if the dial, between I and III. Window was restored twice.
Comments: It’s a fine circular dial with broken pediment. Dial panel is the center panel of a three-paneled window in the nave. Has flat lead came (6 and 8 mm) in good condition, but unfortunately it’s not original. Second restoration was by Keith & Judy Hill.
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
Glass Conservation Website: Here
St. Botolphs Website: Here
Farningham & Eynsford Website: Here
Flickr Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D and shows dial after 1st restoration in the 1930's. Photo ‘b’ is courtesy of Keith & Judy Hill and shows recent restoration. Photos ‘c’ is from unknown source. Photo ‘d’ is courtesy of Mark Ynys-Mon from Flickr website above.

Dial 41
The Gilling Castle Dial
Maker: Bernhard Dininckoff, member of York School of Glass Painting
Date: 1585
Original Location: The Great Chamber of Gilling Castle, York, North Yorkshire, England
Present Location: original site
Orientation: Vertical. undetermined
Size: unknown
Adornment: undetermined
Mottos: Latin mottos are present in scrolls on the left and right sides, but they are difficult to read.
Condition: fair. Glass is cracked. Some cracks have been re-leaded. Gnomon is present.
Comments: Magnificent heraldic window contains the oldest known English painted Glass Sundial. The windows of the room show the genealogy and heraldry of the Fairfax family. Signed and dated by Dininckoff. A tiny portrait of him is below sundial. We urge anybody who might be visiting York England to please investigate this wonderful dial for us and get us some more photos.
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Article by Christopher Daniel: (2004) “Sundials” a Shire Book
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
Gilling Castle Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D.

Dial 42
The Leigh Park Hall Dial
Maker: Probably by John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: 1664
Original Location: Leigh Park Hall, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire England
Present Location: in original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines about 80° West of South
Size: oval- 35 x 27 cm (13.8 x 10.6 in)
Adornment: skull & crossbones
Mottos: none
Condition: cracked
Comments: restored. We need good high resolution photos of this dial of both the exterior and interior.
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
Stoke-on-Trent Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D and is copied from Mr. Daniel’s article above. It was photoshopped to fix perspective.

Dial 43
The Daisy Dial
Designer, Delineator and Glass Artisan: Gay Ogg, accomplished English painter and photographer who makes occasional stained glass pieces.
Date: 1981
Original Location: Designed for a house in Dulwich, southeast London England
Present Location: Was removed from Dulwich and taken to Woodbridge, Suffolk England where in 2005 it rests in a window and is wrongly positioned
Orientation: Vertical. Originally designed to decline west of south.
Size: about 42 cm (17 in)
Adornment: Ox eye daisies are in a beautiful simple rare circular design. Has a tiny yellow ladybug which was put on the dial at the special request of the people it was made for.
Mottos: none
Condition: very good
Comments: Mrs. Ogg taught herself how to design her sundials from reading about them in a book. (see letter below). She made this dial for a double glazed window using antique blue flashed glass, acid etching (hydrofluoric acid), painting and silver staining- traditional methods taught to her by Lawrence Lee. She measured the declination using a shadow cast from a plumb line and a computer program written by her 14 year old son, and she calculated the gnomon size to allow for the thickness of the two layers of glass and the space between them.
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
Letter from Mrs. Ogg: Here
Stuart Ogg Art Website: Here
V.G. Ogg’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Gay Ogg.

Dial 44
The Diamond Dial
Maker: John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: 1648
Original Location: unknown location in England
Present Location: In a south window of the Directors office at The Museum of The History of Science, Oxford, Oxfordshire England
Orientation: Vertical. Declines east.
Size: height-14.3 cm (5.6 in)
Adornment: a fly
Mottos: none
Condition: fair. Gnomon is missing.
Comments: came from the Lewis Evans Collection. It's Interesting that hours 4 to 9 are Arabic numerals, but X and XI are in Roman numerals. Viewing by permission only. We need a better photo.
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
Museum of The History of Science, Oxford Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’ are from unknown sources. Photo ‘d’ is from Hans Behrendt videotape.

Dial 45
The Goldfinch Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: unknown, 17th century
Original Location: unknown location in England
Present Location: In south wall stairway window at The Museum of the History of Science, Oxford England.
Orientation: Vertical. Designed for a window facing about 55° East of North.
Size: 25 x 25 cm (9.8 x 9.8 in)
Adornment: goldfinch on perch between 8th and 9th hour lines. The arms (bottom right) were granted to Edward Hayward of the inner temple in 1611.
Mottos: “Vesper In Ambiguo Est - Age(N)Dum - Mora Noxia - Cras Nil” (The evening is uncertain - Come now! - Delay is harmful - Tomorrow is nothing)
Condition: cracked. Gnomon is missing.
Comments: We wonder where its original location was.
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Museum of The History of Science, Oxford Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of John Carmichael (2004). Anyone may use these photos without permission.

Dial 46
The Christ Dial
Maker: Henry Gyles of York(1645-1709)
Date: 1687
Original Location: In a stairwell of University College, Oxford England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: 30 x 15 cm (11.8 x 5.9 in)
Adornment: Figure of Christ holding and orb with his left hand.
Mottos: "SUM VERA LUX" ("I am the True Light")
Condition: cracked, but otherwise in good condition. Was re-leaded at unknown date. Gnomon is missing.
Comments: The late English sundial historian, Margaret Stanier said in her booklet, “Oxford Sundials” (2003): “Gyles gave it to the college gratis on completing a large order for the east window of the Chapel. This is not the chapel’s present east window, but several plans of Gyles’ east window still exist elsewhere in the College.” She said that the dial would probably function if supplied with a new gnomon. Viewing is by permission only. We need updated information and more photos of this dial (interior and exterior). Please help!
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Page from "Stained Glass" by Lawrence Lee, George Seddon & Francis Stephens: Here
University College Oxford Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D. Photo ‘b’ is a page from "Stained Glass" by Lawrence Lee, George Seddon & Francis Stephens.

Dial 47
The Tong Hall Dial
Maker: Henry Gyles (1645-1709)
Date: 1702
Original Location: Window above Tong Hall's main door, Bradford Yorkshire, England. (near Leeds).
Present Location: At original location, but unfortunately, it's now obscured by a new entrance lobby.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines slightly west of south
Size: 91.4 x 152.4 cm (3 x 5 ft)
Adornment: The four Seasons
Mottos: undetermined
Condition: Fair. Cracked and restored. According to C. Daniel, "it is probably the finest known complete (English) stained glass dial still in place and relatively undamaged." It is unknown if Mr. Daniel was saying that the dial is not cracked. It is also unknown if the dial is currently cracked or if the cracked glass has been replaced.
Comments: We need for someone to investigate this historical dial to find out if it is cracked or not and to get new photos. We need interior and exterior high quality new photos. Please help!
Article by Christopher Daniel: (2004) “Sundials” a Shire Book
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Tong Bradford Website: Here
Tong Family Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is from unknown source and shows exterior view of dial above Tong Hall's main entrance. Photos ‘b’ and ‘c’ show interior view. Photo ‘b’ shows lead came from a restoration to fix cracks. Shadow says 10:50. Photo ‘b’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D. Black and while photo ‘c’ shows the dial without cracks. It is unknown which photo is older. But it is my guess that photo ‘c’ is older.

Dial 48
The Norwich Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1648
Original Location: Norwich England
Present Location: Moved to a south window of the Director's office at The Museum of The History of Science, Oxford, Oxfordshire England
Orientation: Vertical. Declines about 15° East of South
Size: Dial Face is about 14 cm (5.5 in) high. Original oval panel at Norwich measured 27.5 x 21 cm (10.8 x 8.3 in)
Adornment: a sun around gnomon hole. It is odd that when the dial was at Norwich, German words appear in the oval surrounding the dial. We have not been able to translate these words. Behrendt said this: "This black-and-white picture has long posed a riddle. The south-east dial face is surrounded with a compound inscription, possibly taken from a 'Kreisring' [annulus]. The text cannot be deciphered.
Mottos: “Dum Spectas Fugio” (I Fly While You Watch)
Condition: fair. Gnomon is now missing.
Comments: Was a gift to the museum from Dennis King of Norwich, the glazier who installed the window at the Museum in 1956. Viewing is by permission only.
Museum of The History of Science, Oxford Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ shows original installation in Norwich. This poor quality photo and some of this information are copied from an article by Hans Behrendt called "Alte Englischen Fenstersonnenhren (II)" 1990. Photo ‘b’ shows current installation at the museum. Photo ‘c’ is from the Hans Behrendt videotape.

Dial 49
The Beccheroni Dial
Maker: Ugo Beccheroni
Date: 1999
Original Location: Bologna Italy
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: unknown
Adornment: The Equation of Time
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: A table-top or window sill dial. Lead shot between the two plates casts a shadow
Photo Descriptions: I have lost track of the source of this photo. My apologies to the photographer. j.c.

Dial 50
A Diptych Projection Sundial
Maker: Robert Terwilliger, USA
Date: 1994
Original Location: Lat: 40º N. (but it’s adjustable)
Present Location: At maker's location
Orientation: South facing dial has two faces oriented SE and SW
Size: Model is 5 1/2" without column, If built to full size, receiving surface would be about 2-3 feet below eye level.
Adornment: none
Mottos: none
Condition: Original felt tip pen coloring is now faded.
Comments: This type of dial was recently invented in 1994 by Dutch dialist Thibaud Taudin-Chabot. There are no known full-scale examples of this extremely rare sundial type installed anywhere! When lit by the sun, the sundial face on the glass projects its image onto a receiving surface. In a building, this could be a wall or a floor. The sundial doesn't have a fixed gnomon attached. Instead, the gnomon is simply a dot on the receiving surface. As the sun moves across the sky, the projected sundial image moves across the receiving surface. The location of the dot gnomon on the projected image indicates the correct time and can also indicate the date.The lack of a three dimensional gnomon makes this type of dial more resistant to damage. Projection dials must have transparent glass or plastic that's colored or clear. They can't have translucent opalescent glass. This is a plastic stand-alone dial. 1/4" foam board Image projection receiving surface has rounded brass nail head nodus.Dial is horizontal or angled on a plinth. Tells time, equinoxes and solstices. Time says 2:30 on this dial and the date is early fall. Based on original concepts by Fred Sawyer and Thibaud Taudin-Chabot.
Article by Fred Sawyer: (August 1994) A Stained Glass Diptych Pattern. "The Compendium" Vol. 1-3 pgs. 6-8 NASS.
Article by Robert Terwilliger: (pen Name: Ave Amici. L. Papirius Cursor) (March 1995). Ave Amici. "The Compendium" Vol. 2-1 pg. 12 NASS.
Article by Thibaud Taudin-Chabot: (August 1994) A Transparent Window Dial. "The Compendium" Vol. 1-3 pgs. 6-8 NASS.
Twig’s Digs Website: Here
Robert Terwilliger’s Email: Here
Thibaud Taudin-Chabot’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is courtesy of Thibaud Taudin Chabot and has been heavily restored using Photoshop.

Dial 51
The Oldest Known Stained Glass Sundial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1529
Original Location: somewhere in Germany. Reverse engineering of dial face by Gianni Ferrari puts the design location roughly at Lat: 44.9° N. which is in the far south of Germany in 1529.
Present Location: Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum, 1300 South Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, Illinois 60605 USA
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 13.3 east of south
Size: round- 27.9 x 27.9 x 0.9 cm (11 x 11 x .4 in)
Adornment: zodiacal signs and the letters- H.V.R.A.J
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent despite its age
Comments: This was probably made for use as a window hanging. It is the oldest known stained glass sundial in the world. It is unknown when, how and from whom Adler Planetarium acquired this valuable historical piece. We’d love to find out more details of its long history.
Adler Planetarium Website: Here
Igougo Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’ and ‘b’ © Adler Planetarium & Museum. Photo ‘c’ was taken by kwasiak and copied from igougo website below. Photo ‘d’ is a map of Germany (1530) from unknown source.

Dial 52
The Skull Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: made in 1790
Original Location: Juergen Hoefeld told us that it was made for latitude 53° N for an unknown place in England. Perhaps he was referring to the reproduction. The British Museum says that it was made for latitude 55° N for an unknown place in Germany. Carmichael thinks that it is German
Present Location: At The British Museum, in the Department of Prehistory and Europe. London England. Its acquisition date was in 1958.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 6° east of south.
Size: Juergen Hoefeld says that it measures 31.5 x 20.5 cm. (12.4” x 8.1 in). Perhaps he was referring to the reproduction. The British Museum says that measures 26.0 x 20.2 cm. (10.2” x 8”).
Adornment: a skull and various instruments inscribed in cartouche
Mottos: FORSAN PERITVS CERTE PERITVRVS (Though you may be that clever, you must die as well)
Condition: very good, looks a little dirty in the photos. But the gnomon still exists! The British Museum says this about it: ” Vertical glass dial; rectangular; close-fitting white-metal frame of later date with gabled extension above; dial-plate painted as a vertical dial declining 6 degrees east; brass exterior polar gnomon.” It was purchased through Christie's and donated by Gilbert Edgar. The previous owner/ex-collection was Courtenay Adrian Ilbert.
Comments: Photos ‘a’ to ‘d’ are photos of the original sundial © The Trustees of the British Museum, Photo ‘e’ is of a reproduction of the original sundial.
British Museum Website: Here
Skull Dial Webpage: Here
Photo Descriptions: We copied photos ‘a’, ‘b’ and ‘c’ with the written permission of the British Museum from their website. To use these photos, please obtain permission from the museum by going to their website above. Photo ‘d’ is cropped version of photo ‘a’. Photo ‘e’ is courtesy of Juergen Hoefeld and was sent to us in 2003, and was photoshopped to add border. You may use his photo without permission.

Dial 53
The Zodiac Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1762
Original Location: unknown location at 48° N. in southern Germany
Present Location: Wurttembergisches Landesmuseum, Stuttgart, Germany
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: 24 x 20 cm (9.4 x 7.9 in)
Adornment: figures of the Zodiac, Angel with Heavens, sphere & compass
Mottos: undetermined
Condition: unknown
Comments: shadow shows the date also. We are looking for more information and good photos of this dial
Stuttgart Museum Website: Here
Review of Wurttemberg Museum Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘b’ is courtesy of Juergen Hoefeld and sent to us in 2003. Photo ‘a’ is photoshopped version of photo ‘b’.

Dial 54
The Chronos Dial
Maker: Johann Rudolf Huber (1668-1748).
Date: 1731
Original Location: unknown location in Germany or Switzerland
Present Location: At Historic Museum in Basel Switzerland.
Orientation: Vertical. Declination unknown
Size: 14 x 14 cm (5.5 x 5.5 in)
Adornment: Winged god Chronos with scythe, floating on clouds, holding a cloth that Death folds back
Mottos: "As time goes by, then comes death, oh man regard, and fear God."
Condition: unknown
Comments: Design is symbolic representation of a sundial as reminder of the end of human life. Page 184 of Renè Rohr's book "Die Sonnenuhr" shows three glass sundials. The text for the Chronus Dial (picture 288) focuses on the specialty of Basel: For several hundred years the so called Basel-time was used. This is why the noon line goes to 1 o'clock. The two big sundials at the tower of Basel Muenster also show this Basel-time.
Photo Plate 8 by Rene Rohr: (1996) "Sundials: History, Theory and Practice" Dover Publications.
Basel Tourist Attractions Website: Here
Historic Museum, Basel Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’ and ‘c’ are courtesy of Juergen Hoefeld which he sent to us in 2003. Photo ‘a’ is of the original dial. Photo ‘c’ is of a modern reproduction. Photos ‘b’ and ‘e’ are photoshopped versions of photo ‘c’. Photos ‘d’ and ‘f’ are courtesy of Alain Ferreria (taken in 2008) which he sent to us. They are of the original dial.

Dial 55
The Ambras Castle Dial
Maker: unknown. There are no records regarding the artist who was presumeably a Swabian artist.
Date: 1550. Since the Roman numerals MDL = 1550 are indicated on the glass plate it is assumed that the sundial was created then.
Original Location: Lat- 47° 15 ' 23 " N, Lon- 11° 26 ' 02 " E. Window of a chapel on the eastern side of the castle. The chapel does not exist anymore. Ambras Castle near Innsbruck Austria. Swabian origin, Germany
Present Location: René R.J. Rohr said that it was in the Museum Fürangewandte Kunst (The Museum for Applied Art in Vienna Austria) in Wien, Austria. Ref: "Les cadrans solaires" (Histoire, Théorie, Pratique), Editions Oberlin, Strasbourg (1986). Thanks to recent investigations made by Elisabeth Druml in 2009, she confirms that it is currently stored in the museum archives and is unfortunately not on display. Today (2009), the stained glass sundial is kept in the archive of the Museum of Applied Arts in Vienna. Many art treasures of the Castle of Ambras were moved to Vienna to keep them safe when Tyrol was conquered by the troops of Napoleon and the Bavarians. The sundial is still stored there. The glass sundial is kept under the inventory number 2808 in this museum.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 16.8° west of south
Size: round. Plate Diameter- 38.5 cm (14.9 in)
Adornment: angel head and putto with heavens globe, astronomical instruments and small block dial. Fly in chapter ring at 9:45 (legs and body on outside and wings on inside)
Inscriptions: Above the dial an explanation or instructions for using the sundial are provided, the second part of which continues annularly around the dial. (See pdf attachment for details).
Mottos: undetermined
Condition: fair. Gnomon with sphere is missing.
Comments: Has three different time notations. Day and night lengths 8-16 are beneath noon line. It is presumed that the former owners of the castle, the Schurf family, gave the order for this sundial. The inscription suggests Swabian origin due to vernacular characteristics. In 1563, archduke Ferdinand II (1529-1595) acquired the castle of Ambras. At the same time he advanced to Prince of Tyrol according to the last will of his father emperor Ferdinand I. A year later he signed over the Castle of Ambras to Philippine Welser, a woman of a middle class family in Augsburg, he was secretly married to. We are deeply indebted to Karl Schwarzinger for sending us updated information and photo ‘g’ showing the original dial.
References: Harro H. Kühnelt: “Die Glasmalerei – Sonnenuhr des Museums für Angewandte Kunst in Wien, Schriften der Freunde alter Uhren 1972/73, Heft XII”. Hans Behrendt : “Glas – Sonnenuhren“, Schriften der Freunde alter Uhren 1980, Heft XIX. An article on the stained glass sundial of the Castle of Ambras may have beed published in the bulletin "RUNDSCHREIBEN" of the Working Group for Sundials in the Austrian Astronomical Society.
Karl Swarzinger’s Ambras Castle SGS Info Pages: Here
Behrendt VHS Transcript: Here
Vienna Museum’s Website: Here
Encyclopedia Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘d’ and ‘e’ are of a German 20th century window hanging reproduction and are from unknown source. Photo ‘f’ ©: MAK/Georg Mayer. Mrs. Dr. Ilse Fabian from the Working Group Sundials in the Austrian Astronomical Association has been given opportunity to photograph the original stained glass sundial. This photo was kindly sent to us by Karl Schwarzinger.

Dial 56
The Elmdon Dial
Maker: Possibly John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: mid 1600's
Original Location: The deconsecrated redundant St Dunstan's Church in nearby Wenden Lofts England.
Present Location: Salvaged and rescued from the deconsecrated St Dunstan's Church in 1958. Dial now resides in the St Nicholas' Church, Elmdon, Essex, in the East window of the South aisle.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines about 5° west of south
Size: estimation- 25 cm x 19 cm (10 x 7.4 in)
Adornment: Wings and hourglasss, scrollwork with motto.
Mottos:  “Sic Vita” (Such is life!), “Nulla dies sine linea” (No day without a line)
Condition: In 2005 it was fair. Gnomon is missing.
Comments: A reproduction of this dial was made in 2005 by Grace Wallis. See Dial 230 in the 21st Century section of our Image Archive. The pub across the road is called 'The Elmdon Dial' and has a sign that is a good likeness of the original.
The Elmdon Dial Pub Website: Here
The Elmdon Church Dial Replica: Here
Photo Descriptions: courtesy of Mike Cowham and John Carmichael. Photos ‘a’ to ‘g’ show the dial. Photo ‘h’ is the plaque. Photo ‘i’ is the sign of the pub across the street from the church. Photo ‘j’ is the Elmdon Dial Pub entrance.

Dial 57
The Weavers' Company Dial
Maker: John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: 1669
Original Location: the Hall of the Worshipful Company of Weavers, London, England
Present Location: moved to the Weavers' Company almshouses, New Wanstead, London (Weavers' House, 78-82A, rear window of new annex)
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 15° east of south.
Size: 83.3 x 43.5 cm (32.8 x 17.1 in)
Adornment: Wings with hourglass, heraldic shield, spider on web attacks fly.
Mottos: “Dum Spectas Fugio” (I fly while you watch)
Condition: good, restored.
Comments: In 1916 window was removed and stored for safekeeping during Zeppelin bombing raids on London. It was then lost in storage in the Company's New Wanstead premises. Thanks to the detailed inventories of The Royal Commission on Historical Monuments, a search found this valuable dial shortly prior to its restoration in 1988. It was cleaned and restored with a new brass gnomon, fitted to a brass frame, and set up in the new extension of the Weavers House, at New Wanstead, in a window that had been specially constructed to allow for the sundial's original declination. Restored by Plowden & Smith, 1988
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Building Conservation Website: Here
Worshipful Company of Weavers Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D and shows dial without gnomon before restoration. Photo ‘b’ and ‘c’ are courtesy of Tony Moss. Photo ‘b’ shows dial with gnomon after restoration (Shadow says it's 10:15 am). I can’t remember the source of the other photos that show the dial reinstalled at Weavers’ House. Photo ‘g’ shows the information plaque at Weavers’ House.

Dial 58
The Arbury Hall Dial
Designer & Maker: John Rowell of Wycombe, England
Date: 1733
Original Location: unknown building and town in England. It must have been made for a building which was demolished between 1733 and 1785.
Present Location: Dial was evidently bought as a result of the sale of another property. It’s now at Arbury Hall, near Nuneaton, Warwickshire England. Its lower edge is about 142 cm above ground level in a window that doesn't face South.
Orientation: Vertical. Designed for a due South window.
Size: 23.5 x 30 cm (9.25 x 11.8 in)
Adornment: Flesh-fly and butterfly. The fly is so accurate that it can be identified as a "Flesh-fly" (Sarcophaga carnaria) though the butterfly seems to show characteristics of both a Large and a Small Tortoiseshell. Signed and dated by maker.
Mottos: none
Condition: cracked and restored
Comments: Dial was moved to Arbury Hall in 1785 when Sir Roger Newdigate, the 5th Bart, bought it from a dealer, James Broden, among a job-lot of stained glass with which he wanted to adorn his newly built cloisters. We need better high resolution photos.
Article by John Davis (3MB): (Dec 2007) John Rowell-Plumber and Stained Glass Dial Maker, "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" No. 19 (iv) pg. 179-183.
Article by Christopher Daniel: (Nov 2003) 'Umbrae Sumus'. The Sundial Page, "Clocks" Vol. 26/10
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Information Britain Hotels Website: Here
About Britain Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D and are photocopied from his article.

Dial 59
The Adstone Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1600's
Original Location: Adstone Farmhouse in Towcester, Northhamptonshire England
Present Location: Set in farmhouse stairway window; formerly in master bedroom.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines east.
Size: small
Adornment: none
Mottos: none
Condition: cracked
Comments: We are seeking better photographs of this dial.
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Tour UK Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D.

Dial 60
The Henley Hall Dial
Maker: Charles Eamer Kempe (1837-1907), highly eminent stained glass artist in the late 19th century. His firm in the south of England near Brighton, Sussex, produced a large number of windows for cathedrals and churches worldwide, including the USA
Date: 1875 (Victorian)
Original Location: Lat: 52.22° N; Lon: 2.40° W. At Henley Hall, in Henley Shropshire, England (Henley is 4 miles East of Ludlow on the way to Bentley. The window is on a small extension to the main house which was added in 1874.
Present Location: at original location. Last seen there in 2004 by Silas Higgons.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: The oval dial window itself measures 45.7 x 55.9 cm (18 x 22 in) and forms the centre of a larger window 91.4 x 114 cm (36 x 45 in).
Adornment: richly embellished with Victorian artwork. It is surrounded by various designs including, at each side of it, the coat of arms of the Wood family who were owners of the house at that time.
Mottos: The motto below the dial pane reads: "Make Time ~ save time, while time lasts, All time is no time, when time is past"
Condition: The gnomon is missing
Comments: In the BSS registry BSS SrNo2299. This is a perfect candidate for a new replacement gnomon. Hopefully someone will add one. Information update supplied by Silas Higgons. Mark Breach informed us in 2010 that he thinks Henley Hall in Henley Suffolk was demolished in the 60’s. He said his grandfather sold it for the ‘land’.
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Ludlow Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of and © Silas Higgons (taken in 2004).

Dial 61
The Lacock Abbey Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: unknown
Original Location: unknown location in England
Present Location: Brought to the beautiful Lacock Abbey in the 18th or 19th century by the owner at the time who asked his friends for, or otherwise acquired, some stained glass fragments to help with the decoration.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines west.
Size: unknown
Adornment: a fly
Mottos: none
Condition: poor. cracked, gnomon missing
Comments: Unusual heraldic shield shape. Dial has been crudely restored but Alfred Fisher told me in November 2005 that it will be restored again using modern techniques to remove the previous restoration lead. Mr. Stephen Clare at Holy Well Glass in Somerset England will be performing the restoration. This sundial must have been one of a set of at least 2 because if you examine the photograph you will see that there is an inserted fragment (on the left) of a SOUTH dial of the same pattern. Installed in a wall that faces in the opposite wrong direction.
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Lacock Abbey Photos Website: Here
Britain Express Website: Here
Holy Well Glass Website: Here
Alfred Fisher’s Email: Here
Stephen Clare’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’ and ‘c’ are courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D. Photo ‘b’ is courtesy of Alfred Fisher and was taken in 2005. These photos are poor copies of copies, and they have been damaged by over-zealous photoshopping. We need better photos and updated information of this dial. Please help!

Dial 62
The Tredegar Welsh Dial
Maker: despite the design's simplicity, Chris Daniel believes it to be by Henry Gyles (1645 -1709)
Date: 1672
Original Location: In south facing room called the Cedar Closet at Tredegar House, in Gwent, Newport, Wales UK
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: 27.9 x 25.4 cm (11 x 10 in)
Adornment: a house fly in lower right and another fainter fly in the center.
Mottos: “Lumen Umbra Dei” (Light is the Shadow of God)
Condition: poor, cracked and re-leaded
Comments: Only known Welsh glass sundial. Reference- C. St.J. H. (1995) The Stained-Glass Sundial at Tredegar House. "Clockwise Around Wales" Edited by Paul Parker, Vale Books
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Article by Christopher Daniel: (1995) Stained Glass Sundials at Greys Hall and Tredegar House. "Clockwise Around Wales"
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Tredegar House Website: Here
Wikipedia Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D. But they are poor copies of copies. We need updated information and better photos of this dial.

Dial 63
The Kersal Cell Dial
Maker: unknown. Roger Bowling speculates that John Byron could have instigated it. (See his article below)
Date: unknown
Original Location: According to Roger Bowling, it was situated in a large eight-light bow window in Kersal Cell, near Manchester, England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines southeast.
Size: unknown
Adornment: Roger Bowling notes that it is a simple design with a sun that shines through white clouds with scalloped edges. He says that “it doesn’t match the style of any of the known makers of stained glass dials, but appears to be in a typical early 18th century style.” He notes that
Mottos: none
Condition: good, gnomon attached
Comments: shadow says it's ten fifty am. We need updated information and better photos of this dial.
Article by Christopher Daniel (1 MB): (Jun 2007) The Kersal Cell. The Sundial Page, "Clocks" Vol. unknown
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Article by Roger Bowling: (Sep 2009) Two Manchester Glass Dials "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 21(iii), pgs. 32-33
Wikipedia Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D.

Dial 64
The Winchester College Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: unknown
Original Location: Winchester College, Hampshire, England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declination is unknown.
Size: unknown
Adornment: fly in lower right corner
Mottos: Motto on a scroll at the top says- “Ut Umbra, Sic Vita Transit” (As a shadow so doth life pass.)
Condition: Sadly damaged. We need updated information and better photos of this dial.
Comments: We need updated information and better photos of this dial.
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’ and ‘b’ are courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D. But they are poor copies of copies. Photo ‘b’ is a photoshopped copy of ‘a’. Photo ‘c’ is a notebook sketch by unknown artist from an unknown source.

Dial 65
The Purley Hall Dial
Maker: John Rowell of Wycombe, England (1686-1756)
Date: 1734
Original Location: On the ground floor on the southwestern side of Purley Hall, Pangbourne, Berkshire, RG8 8DH, England. Google Earth Coordinates: Lat: 51°28'37.76'' N, Lon: 1°04'15.45'' W
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declination: Using Google Earth satellite photos, Carmichael estimated the wall’s declination to be about 22.89° West of South. Physical onsite measurement conducted by John Davis puts it at 22° W. But John Davis’s analysis of hourline placements show that the dial was designed for 26° W. making us conclude that it is mounted incorrectly in its frame by 2 degrees
Size: 64.8 x 50 cm (25.5 x 18.5 in)
Adornment: fly in lower right. Dial has a second hour scale giving the time in Constantinople
Mottos: "Umbrae Sumus", "We are Shadows"
Condition: fair. Lower right pane is cracked. Gnomon is missing. An old photo, which we do not have here, shows the center pane with flaking numerals and missing hourlines before a restoration that occurred between 1965 and 1988. Mr. Davis concludes that the center pane was restored, but with poorly placed hourlines. There is a protective outer pane of clear glass.
Comments: The owner, Tom Anderson replaced the missing gnomon in 2007 with help from English dialist, John Davis. Gnomon is attached to the outer protective glass pane to prevent damage to the stained glass if stress is applied to the gnomon. Carmichael's analysis of the origin of the hourlines (the place where the gnomon was attached) shows a fairly large error in the hourline angles between 12 noon and 1pm on the center glass pane making us believe that the restorer made mistakes when placing these hour lines.
Article by John Davis (3MB): (Dec 2007) John Rowell-Plumber and Stained Glass Dial Maker, "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" No. 19 (iv) pg. 179-183.
Article by Christopher Daniel: (Nov 2003) 'Umbrae Sumus'. The Sundial Page, "Clocks" Vol. 26/10
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Berkshire History Website: Here
John Davis’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: All Photos except photo ‘c’ are courtesy of John Davis. Photo ‘c’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D. Photos ‘c’ and ‘d’ show pre-restoration. All other photos show post-restoration. Photo ‘f’ shows Hourline Origin Analysis by Carmichael.

Dial 66
The Groombridge Place Dial
Maker: Has all the characteristics of a John Oliver Dial.
Date: 1670
Original Location: Groombridge Place, East Sussex, England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: unknown
Adornment: sun & fly
Mottos: “Lumen Umbra Dei” (trans- Light (is) the shadow of God)
Condition: good, but is missing the gnomon
Comments: One of a pair of sundials in master bedroom. Mr. Packer built house designed by Wren in reign of Charles II. We need more photos of this dial.
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Groombridge Place Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D.

Dial 67
The Berkeley Castle Dial
Maker: probably by John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: 1600's
Original Location: In the private chapel's window, Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire UK
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines about 70° east of south.
Size: oval- 25.5 x 21 cm (10 x 8.2 in)
Adornment: simple flowing designs, a fly on raised thick outside of glass
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent, shows hours 4 to 10am
Article by Christopher Daniel: (2004) “Sundials” a Shire Book
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Berkeley Castle Website: Here
Flickr Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’, ‘b’, are © courtesy of Carol Arnold taken in 2002. Photo ‘c’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D and is photocopied from his article and photoshopped. Photo ‘d’ is a notebook sketch by unknown artist. Photo ‘e’ is courtesy of Tim Davies from the Flickr website above.

Dial 68
His Majesty's Pyrimidical Dial
Maker: Reverand Francis Hall (alias Line), Professor of Mathematics at Liege University for His Majesty.
Date: 1669
Original Location: In his Majesty's (King Charles II) Privy Garden at Whitehall, London England. Whitehall was the King's primary residence in London before it was destroyed by fire.
Present Location: unknown. Lost and probably destroyed
Orientation: Declination undetermined, but some are inclined to vertical.
Size: unknown
Adornment: many painted glass sundials
Mottos: unknown
Condition: Some researchers say the dial was quickly destroyed by weather and vandals. Others are certain that The Earl of Rochester destroyed it on the night of 25 June 1675, because in Stephen Jefferys' play, "The Libertine", there is a scene featuring his destruction of the dial.
Comments: Famous "pyramidical" sundial. The dial was like a huge candelabra of panels glass spheres floating freely in fluid inside larger glass spheres. it was considered one of the greatest, or at least the most expensive, scientific instruments in Europe. According to C. Daniel, it was made of stone, iron, brass, wood and glass with about 270 individual component dials including a number of spherical glass dials and painted plane glass dials. Carefully recorded details in an 'Explication' published in London in 1673.
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Letter from Fred Sawyer: Here
Francis Line Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D

Dial 69
The Gray's Inn Hall Dial
Maker: by London glazier William Price the elder (c1644-1710)
Date: 1702
Original Location: Gray's Inn Hall, London, England
Present Location: removed and stored for safekeeping during World War II. Now lost, mislaid or stolen.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: unknown (large)
Adornment: undetermined
Mottos: "Temporas Mutantur ... Et Nos Mutamur In Illis", approximate translation: (The seasons Change ... And We Change With Them), Initials: “TTC” (for 1702 treasurer, Thomas Carter)
Condition: unknown. It was cracked then re-leaded.
Comments: We are looking for more information and better photos of this dial.
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of and © by Geoffrey Lane. Photo ‘a’ is the only known photo from "Clocks" magazine. Photo ‘b’ is a Photoshop colorized rendering of how dial might have looked based on the original photo and Gyles' favorite colors.

Dial 70
The Rottweil Dial
Maker: Signum MP (Martin Pfender - Rottweil municipal glasser)
Date: 1553
Original Location: In the conference room wall of Rottweil Town Hall, Wurtemberg Germany
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines southeast.
Size: 44.5 x 34.5 cm (17.5 x 13.5 in)
Adornment: Architectural arch and figures making music is in the pillars. Over the arch is an apple shooting scene from the theatre play Wilhelm Tell by Friedrich Schiller. There’s an angel and lion's head. Below is a shining sun over arms with the eagle of the imperial town, Rottweil. There are angels blowing trombones.
Mottos: "Die Zeit" (The Time)
Condition: Fair. Pane with lead frames and leaded cracks, Gnomon is broken out.
Comments: Chapter ring has hour lines 5-12-5 and 1/2 hour divisions. Zodiacal lines only symbolic, parallel to depth direction. Day & night lengths 8-16 are beneath meridian line. Hour lines apparently not calculated but applied according to observations during different seasons, because the lines 5-5 are not in line. Visits only on request at the Tourist Information. We urge anybody who might be visiting Rottweil to please investigate this wonderful dial for us and get us some more photos.
Behrendt VHS Transcript: Here
German Clock Route Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is the original from an unknown source. Other photos are photoshopped verisions of photo ‘a’.

Dial 71
The Didsbury Old Parsonage Dial
Maker: unknown. The window was probably commissioned by Fletcher Moss when he built his house. According to Roger Bowling, he was a prominent Manchester businessman, avid horticulturalist, councilor, philanthropist and antiquarian. He left the Parsonage and its gardens to the city. (see Roger Bowling’s article below).
Date: 1904 (Edwardian)
Original Location: Lat: 53º 24' 45" N. Lon: 2º 15' 30" W. In the center top panel of a bow window Moss's 1884 home at Old Parsonage, Didsbury UK. (a suburb of Manchester).
Present Location: sundial pane probably lost or destroyed but we think the window and the surrounding panels still exist.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 25º west of south. This needs to be verified.
Size: unknown. We need measurements of the surrounding window frame.
Adornment: Lavish. abundance of red Tudor-style roses and green foliage, heraldic devices in red blue and yellow.
Mottos: "As Sunshine Passeth, So Pass We" is at the top of the lower center panel.
Condition: unknown, but probably lost or destroyed
Comments: The dial face is on frosted glass. The lovely old house with the window formerly belonged to an eccentric alderman of the city, Fletcher Moss, who bequeathed this and the Botanical Gardens for public use in 1919. This is a perfect candidate for a replacement reproduction, since Old Parsonage is now cared for by local Old Parsonage Garden authorities. We need for somebody to visit the window to take more photos and measure the window for a possible future replacement window.
Article by Christopher Daniel: (Oct 2000) ‘A Colourful Reminder’. The Sundial Page, "Clocks" Vol. 23/9
Article by Roger Bowling: (Sep 2009) Two Manchester Glass Dials "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 21(iii), pgs. 32-33
Jon Callan's letter describing window in 2005: Here
Didsbury Website: Here
Manchester Online Website: Here
Photo of Gateway to Old Parsonage: Here
Photos of window by Jon Callan (2005): Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’ and ‘b’ are courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D. Photo ‘a’ (c1907) is exterior view. Photo ‘b’ (photo c1907) is interior view. Photo ‘c’ is a photocopy of a drawing by Dorothy Hartley from "Ye Sundial Booke" by T. Geoffrey W. Henslow, 1914. Photo ‘n’ is of Fletcher Moss Gardens. Photo ‘o’ is a rare old photograph from an unknown source. A copy of it was given to Roger Bowling- possibly from a postcard. This photo also appears in the book: F. Moss: ‘Fifty Years Public Work in Didsbury’, Pub. By the author, (1915). Photo ‘p’ is a cropped version of photo ‘o’ showing the dial face.

Dial 73
The Bucklebury Dial
Maker: These letters on the dial are probably the initials of the maker- “S. S.” His name is unknown.
Date: 1649
Original Location: unknown location in England
Present Location: Family married into Bucklebury and brought the dial with them reinstalling it in the north window of Parish church of St. Mary, Bucklebury England at Lat: 51° 26' N. Lon: 01° 12' W.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 13° west of south.
Size: square- 30 x 30 cm (11.8 x 11.8 in)
Adornment: The coats of arms of the families of Stephens and Stone.
Mottos: Signed “S.S- me fecit” and “Th- S & St”
Condition: cracked
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Article by Christopher Daniel: (Dec 2006) An Unsolved Mystery. The Sundial Page, "Clocks" Vol. unknown
Article by Christopher Daniel (2 MB): (1987) Shedding a Glorious Light. "Country Life" 181, 72-75
Burkshire History Website: Here
Church of England Website: Here
Flickr.com Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’ to ‘h’ are courtesy of Mike Cowham (2007). Photos ‘i’ and ‘j’ are courtesy of Jo Parsons from her Flickr website posting. (see website above)

Dials 74 75
The Convocation House Dials
Maker: unknown
Date: probably 1600's
Original Location: Dial 74- unknown location in England. Possibly the Convocation House at the Bodleian Library in Oxford England. Dial 75- The Convocation House's west window.
Present Location: Dial 74- now in the Convocation House's high south window above the Vice-Chancellor's Chair, at the Bodleian Library in Oxford England. It is possible that dial was moved to this location after 1923. Dial 75- now on south wall of Convocation House.
Orientation: Dial 74- declines south, Dial 75- declines west of south.
Size: both are small dials. estimate- Dial 74- 38 x 30 cm (14.9 x 11.8 in)
Adornment: Dial 74- blue rectangle with half sun and dragonfly on dull white background, on gold with some Roman numerals visible. Possibility of another fly on main background. Dial 75- yellow brimstone butterfly and spray of roses.
Mottos: none
Condition: Dial 74- poor, most numerals worn off, cracked. Dial 75- very poor, very worn.
Comments: Neither has its gnomon now. View with binoculars. We are looking for better photographs of both these dials.
Bodleian Library Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of the late Margaret Stanier and was photocopied from her booklet- ‘Oxford Sundials’. We miss you Margaret! Photo ‘b’ is a photograph from Hans Behrendt’s videotape.
Dial 74:
Dial 75:

Dial 77
The Litchborough Church Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1600's
Original Location: High up on south wall of Litchborough Church, Northhamptonshire, England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: height and width of inner triangle- 30.5 x 24 cm (12 x 9.5 in)
Adornment: a yellow sun
Mottos: none
Condition: cracked, gnomon is missing
Comments: This window has been restored twice since it was cracked. Older photo on left (circa 1988) shows lead came added to repair cracks in the first restoration. Newer second photo (2003) shows innovative second 1998 restoration with repair came removed, exposing the old cracks again. Epoxy resin now joins the broken glass that's sandwiched between two protective clear panes of glass for support and protection. Third photo shows outside view. Fourth photo shows two holes for gnomon stays in the 12 o'clock line area. Second restoration was by Barley Studios of Church Balk, Dunnington.
Article by Christopher Daniel (5 MB): (Apr 1988) Stained Glass Sundials in England and Wales. "Clocks" 10, 30-37
Church of England Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Christopher Daniel © C StJ H D, Other photos are courtesy of Colin Davis and Mike Cowham.

Dial 78
The Oracle Library Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: late 1900's
Original Location: Oracle Public Library, American Avenue, Oracle AZ, USA 85623
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Horizontal
Size: 91.5 cm (4 ft)
Adornment: At the north point is a graph of the Equation of Time and at the south point is the bright face of a sun. Ringing the dial is an inscription. Base is a concrete "flower" approximately 2 feet high. Dial is white ceramic with tile edging. Hour lines are bright arrows.
Mottos: undetermined
Condition: unknown
Comments: This is a brightly colored ceramic tile mosaic dial. Hour lines adjusted for local longitude. Nearby, is an approximately 3.8 m (15 ft) long Noon Mark or Meridian Line with the months of the year marked on it. The shadow is cast by a small electric power pole. We are looking for more information and better photos of this dial.
Arizona Highways Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: I have forgotten the source of this photo. My apologies to the phgotographer. j.c.

Dial 79
The Gecko Dial
Designer, Delineator, Glazier: John L. Carmichael, sundial maker and member of The British and North American Sundial Societies.
Glass Painter: William Biggers
Dates: This was a two year project: Planning began in 2003, panels were assembled in 2004, and windows were installed on New Years Day, 2005
Design Location: Lat: 32.30° N. Lon: 110° W. Above center pane of bay window at Carmichael's home in Tucson Arizona, USA
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 27.43° east of south.
Size: Center panel with sundial- 148 x 50 cm (58.4 x 19.7 in) with 153 glass pieces. Two square decorative side panels: 50 x 50 cm (19.7 x 19.7 in) each with 116 glass pieces. Two rectangular decorative side panels: 67 x 50 cm (26.75 x 19.7 in) each with 154 glass pieces. These total 693 pieces of stained glass in five panels with a total area of 1.91 sq. m (20.6 sq. ft). The bay opening measures 3.5 x 2.3 m (138 x 90 in).
Adornment: Hand-painted Tucson Banded Gecko (C. v. bogerti) stalks fly, stars in space, sunface at dial center, arabic numerals, solar noon mark, signatures with date in lower left: JC.wb 2004. Gnomon triangle engraved with the latitude, longitude and wall declination. Bronze Equation of Time graph made by Tony Moss is mounted on inside wall next to the bay window. The gecko lizard was inspired by actual geckos that stalk flies at night on the home's windows. The streaky colored glass of the hours panes are the six main colors of the spectrum. The summer hours are the complimentary colors of the winter hours, divided by the equinox line.
Mottos: none
Condition: Excellent.
Comments: Paintings on eleven of the glass pieces are of traditional vitreous kiln-fired enamels and stains. Up to nine kiln firings were used for some pieces. Dial tells Solar Standard Time adjusted for longitude, the date of the equinoxes and solstices, and Apparent Solar Noon (High Noon). Stained glass panels are protected by an exterior pane of optically clear annealed glass separated by a 3/16” gap. To prevent overheating, the gap is ventilated. To provide ventilation and a cushioning support, the stained glass panels are set on 1/8” thick 2” long rubber neoprene blocks. To ventilate, open cell breathable foam tape was adhered to the outer protective glass and the inner wood molding. Gnomon is a 1/8” brass rod soldered to a triangular brass sheet that is attached to a clear glass base plate with epoxy. The base plate is the same size as the sunface piece of glass and is attached to the exterior protective pane with a clear silicone bead around the edge so that the lead around the sunface hides the edge of the glass base plate and the silicone. Carmichael constructed the bay window especially for this sundial in order to avoid shading from the building's roof eave overhang. The wood framed bay has 5 upper windows that are all stained glass, and five bronze tinted clear lower windows. See photos of the working test prototypes on Design & Construction Link. Viewing is by appointment only. Contact John Carmichael for appointment.
Delta CAD Glass Pattern: Here
Short Quick Time Movie of Bay Interior (3.8 MB): Here
Sundial Sculptures Website: Here
Biggers Glass Painting Website: Here
Cadrans Solaires Originaux Website: Here
Tucson Banded Gecko Website: Here
John Carmichael’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are by John Carmichael and were taken in 2004 and 2005. Photo ‘a’- installed dial panel interior with side panels (1.4 MB). Photo ‘b’- the design drawing. Photo ‘c’- William Biggers Painting Glass Pane. Photo ‘d’- Carmichael assembling glass pieces. Photo ‘e’- gecko & fly. Photo ‘f’- sunface. Photo ‘g’- uninstalled sundial panel. Photo ‘h’- installation. Photo ‘i’- bay window exterior. Photo ‘j’- the gnomon. Photo ‘k’- installed dial panel interior without side panels. Photo ‘l’- bay interior. Photo ‘m’- uninstalled side panels. Photo ‘n’- sundial light projection on anubis statue.

Dial 80
A Beccheroni Table Dial
Maker: Ugo Beccheroni
Date: 2002
Original Location: private residence. San Lazzaro, Bologna Italy
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south
Size: 25 x 8 x 23 cm (9.8 x 3 x 9 in)
Adornment: sun, zodiacal signs, The Equation of Time
Mottos: Carpe Diem (Seize the Day)
Condition: excellent
Comments: This is an etched Plexiglas dial for a table-top or window sill. Lead shot gnomon is located between the two plates and casts a shadow onto the dial face on the inner plate. This is a fine example from a series of similar Beccheroni dials.
Ugo Beccheroni’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Ugo Beccheroni.

Dial 81
The Alberi-Auber Aperture Dial
Maker: Paolo Alberi-Auber
Date: October 2002
Original Location: Lat: 45° 38' 33'' N, Lon: 13° 45' 44'' E. Trieste, Italy
Present Location: the same
Orientation: declines 2.7° east of south
Size: Base- 94 cm (37 in), Height- 59 cm (23.3 in)
Adornment: a bell, the fabrication date, a fly, Equation of Time values around the perimeter are given to the hyperbolic date lines.
Mottos: “Veritas Temporis Filia” (Truth is a Daughter of Time)
Condition: very good
Comments: Face is sandblasted etched glass. Unusual aperture gnomon projects a beam of sunlight that shows local solar time and the date using the 10-day date lines. You read the time correction (Equation of time + time zone shift) in order to calculate Standard Mean Time (at right end are the correction values for day lines on growing declinations, at left end are decreasing ones). In this photo the light beam indicates that it is 2 pm in early November. This photo was taken on November 6th at 13:49 Standard Time as shown in digital date and hour shown on the installation photo. Notice the high precision.
Paolo Alberi Website: Here
Paolo Alberi’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Paolo Alberi-Auber.

Dial 82
The Polish Sundial Society Dial
Designers: Krzysztof Igras and Teresa Pawlowska-Chwalczyk
Glass Artisans: Marzena Szarkowska and Magdalena Kuchta
Date: September 2003
Design Location: Lat: 50.0830° N, Lon: 19.9170° E. Cracovia (Krakow) Poland.
Present Location: Kedzierzyn-Kozle, Poland
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 25° west of south.
Size: 44.3 x 50.5 cm (17.4 x 19.9 in)
Adornment: The sun and moon
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: Photo ‘a’ shows a functioning paper window prototype of the finished dial with exterior aperture gnomon. Dial tells date and time. Photo ‘b’ shows finished window that's for exposition purposes only and will not be installed permanently.
Gnomonica.com Website: Here
Zegary Sloneczne Website: Here
Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of The Polish Sundial Society.

Dials 83 84 85 86 87 95
The Rafael Soler Refraction Dials
Maker: Dr. Rafael Soler Gayá, famous Spanish dialist.
Date: all dials made in 1999
Original Location: Lat: 39.6° N, Lon: 3.4° E. Mallorca, Islas Baleares, Spain
Present Location: various unknown locations in Spain. Dial 95 is in a private collection at Lat: 37° 59' 58" N, Lon: 01° 07' 55" W. Murcia Spain
Orientation: Dials 83 to 87 appear to be due south dials. Dial 83, 84 and 85 are perpendicular to the meridian (polar dials with nonparallel hour lines). Dial 86 is vertical and Dials 87 and 95 are horizontal.
Size: variable, but all are small enough to be portable
Adornment: a sun and various logo designs, dates, latitudes and longitudes. Dial 95 has latitudes of major cities, a sun face, East and West marks, signs of the zodiac, maker's name, logo.
Mottos: Dials 83 and 85: “Temps Verdater” ('True time' in Catalan language), Dial 86: Tempora Tempore Tempera, Dial 95: Tempus Verum
Condition: unknown
Comments: All dials are rare refraction sundials made from metacrilato (acrylics). The gnomon is the intersection of an etched cross or dot on the dial's south-facing backside. It casts a bent refracted image through the thick acrylic and onto the face. To design the faces, Dr. Soler used special mathematical calculations that considered the material's light refractive index and thickness. All dials tell the time and date. Dials 83, 87 and 95 are self-orienting and therefore also function as compasses. Dial 95 is a rare refraction bifilar sundial. Its gnomon is the intersection of a black etched east/west line on the dial's face with a vertical post. It casts a bent refracted image through the thick acrylic and onto the face. All dials were presented as gifts from the Balear government and are part of a series.
Asociación de Amigos de los Relojes de Sol Website: Here
Dr. Soler Gayá’s Mailing Address: Rafael Soler Gayá, CL Tous i Maroto 6, 1-2, 07001 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears Spain
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Dr. Rafael Soler Gayá.
Dial 83:
Dial 84:
Dial 85:
Dial 86:
Dial 87:
Dial 95:

Dials 88 89 90 91 92
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: These are Franz/Schouler table-top dials.
Dial 88:
Dial 89:
Dial 90:
Dial 91:
Dial 92:

Dial 93
The Hayward Dial
Designer: Sundial delineated by K. Miller
Glass Artisan: John Hayward of Dorchester, Dorset (1929-2007), was one of England's most notable and prolific stained glass makers.
Date: 2000
Design Location: Toller Porcorum Church, Dorset, England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Appears to decline south.
Size: 26.7 x 29 cm (10.5 inch x 11.5 in)
Adornment: simple flowing painted artwork evokes the 17th century artistic style of famous stained glass artisan, John Oliver. Hayward also uses Oliver's favorite paint colors. Tinted white and yellow stain, set in blue cartouche.
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: A Millennium dial made for St Peter and St Andrew's church in Toller Porcorum in Dorset. A plaque says 'The good folk of Toller Porcorum provided this dial'. Shadow says it's 1:15 pm.
Article by Christopher Daniel: (Apr 2004) Toller Porcorum. The Sundial Page, "Clocks" Vol. 27/4
John Hayward's Obituary: Here
BSMGP Website: Here
Toller Porcorum Website: Here
Toller Porcorum Map Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: I have forgotten who sent me these nice photos. My apologies to the photographer! j.c.

Dial 94
The Gecko Prototype Dial
Designer, Delineator, Glazier: John L. Carmichael, sundial maker and member of The British and North American Sundial Societies.
Glass Painter: John L. Carmichael
Date: 2003
Design Location: Lat: 32.30° N. Lon: 110° W. Stuck to interior of picture window in Carmichael's sundial studio in Tucson, Arizona, USA
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 27.43° east of south.
Size: 46.5 x 32.5 cm (18.8 x 12.8 in)
Adornment: gecko stalks fly, stars in space
Mottos: none
Condition: Excellent
Comments: Carmichael's first stained glass window made for his beginners stained glass class. Paint is non-vitreous enamel. Tells Solar Standard Time adjusted for longitude, the date of the equinoxes and solstices, and Apparent Solar Noon (meridian line). Gnomon is a 1/8" brass rod & sheet attached to the exterior of the window pane with clear silicone adhesive. See photos of dial under construction on Design & Construction Page. The shadow says it is 12:24 pm (Local Apparent Solar Noon with longitude correction).
Sundial Sculptures Website: Here
John Carmichael’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos by John Carmichael. Photo ‘b’ shows the Gnomon. Photos ‘d’ and ‘e show the paper test model.

Dial 96
The Northill Rectory Housefly Dial
Maker: John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: 1664
Original Location: The Northill Rectory in Northill, Bedfordshire England. Lat: 52.1° N. Lon: 0.3228° W
Present Location: At original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines towards the east
Size: 25.4 cm (10 in)
Adornment: Design mimics the other Northill dial (Dial 103). Has a housefly, a sun at the dial hourline center and ornamental flowing scrolls. Hours are in Roman numerals.
Mottos: “Dum Spectas Fugio” (I Fly While You Watch)
Condition: cracked. Dial was restored in 1992 at Chapel Studio by Alfred Fisher.
Comments: Gnomon with stay has been incorrectly reinstalled on the inside of the panel. Gnomon stay at 10:00 am mark. The roman numerals for 9 (IX) and 11 (XI) are incorrectly painted as 9 (XI) and 11 (IX). This is one of a pair of newly discovered John Oliver dials located at the church. This dial is protected inside for safe keeping. Viewing by appointment only.
References: Gatty, Mrs Alfred, Eden and Lloyd, The Book of Sun-Dials, 3rd edition, 1890, pp 93-94. Britton, John, and Brayley, Edward Wedlake- The Beauties of England and Wales; or Delineations of Each County. Vol. I. Beds, Berks, Bucks, London 1801
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
Worshipful Company of Glaziers Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Mike Cowham.

Dial 97
The Pollähne Dial
Maker: Erich Pollähne, deceased January, 2005
Date: unknown, but probably 1990's
Original Location: West Germany
Present Location: in private collection in Spain
Orientation: adjustable for any location.
Size: face diameter- 6.6 cm (2.6 in)
Adornment: The Equation of Time graph
Mottos: none
Condition: fair
Comments: Precise universal equatorial acrylic dial that's adjustable for latitude, longitude and the Equation of Time. Has magnetic compass and bubble level but can also function as a sun compass. Gnomon is the base of a cone which focuses a ray of sunlight that indicates the time.
Contact: Erich Pollähne's telephone was: 05103/8425 (in Germany)
Erich Pollähne's Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Erich Pollähne.

Dial 99
The Torquay Human Shadow Dial
Sundial Delineator: Ian Sells
Artwork Designers and Installers: local artists, Claire Gittings & Glen Romanis and a crew of 4 others.
Date: unknown
Original Location: Lat: 38° 19' 30" S, Lon:144° 19' 45" E. Adjacent to the corner of Esplanade and Darian Road at Fisherman's Beach, Torquay Victoria, Australia
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Horizontal
Size: width- 4 to 5 m (157 to 196 in) concrete slab- 8 m (314 in)
Adornment: elaborate artwork represents a number of traditional dreaming stories of the Wathaurong aboriginal people, including Mindii, the ever watchful Snake and Bunjil, the Eagle, Creator and Overseer. The analemma is the eagle's body.
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: Elaborate Analemmatic interactive sundial that uses a person's body for the gnomon. Standing on the date, a human's body casts a shadow that indicates the time. Unfortunately, this is a flawed design since the dial should have a straight date line instead of an analemma. This causes errors in the time readings. Dial contains about 120,000 glass tiles! Project initiated by the Lions Club. We are looking for better more information on this beautiful dial.
Frans Maes Website: Here
Torquay Website: Here
Photo h original on Flickr Website: Here
Photo i original on Flickr Website: Here
Photo j original on Flickr Website: Here
Linda Grimble’s Flickr Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’ to ‘j’ came from Frans Maes website, others came from websites that are now offline. Photo ‘g’ is a satellite photo from Google Earth. Photos ‘h’, ‘i’, ‘j’ are by Fil Allen from his ‘Funky Plum’ photostream on the Flickr website above. Photo ‘k’ is by Linda Grimble © All rights reserved, and is used with permission. Photos “l” thru “y” are by Peter Jacobs and were taken on a cloudy day in 2010.

Dial 100
The Ronse Dial
Designer: Pjeroo Robjee
Construction: Gino Tondat
Date: 1984
Original Location: Lat: 50.7°N, Lon: 3.6° E, Municipal Library in Ronse, Belgium
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Horizontal
Size: The major axis of the elliptical-shaped dial is about 7 m (23 ft).
Adornment: The grotesque figures in the mosaic are mostly inspired by the signs of the zodiac: crab near the number VII, scales between X and XI, the virgin at noon, Aquarius between III and V, scorpion next to the VII at right. Quadrupeds (ram, bull, lion, goat?) dwell between IV and V at left, one next to the crab, and at right between VII and VIII. Can't find the archer or twins. Monster at the lower left may be a fish? Contributions are welcome!
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: a beautiful glass mosaic analemmatic dial inspired by the Dr. Ovide Decroly School. They consider this object as an educational-didactical concept. Hour points from IV to VIII local time with an analemma drawn around date line with the names of the months alongside written in Latin: JANUARIUS, FEBRUARIUS, MARTIUS, APRILIS, MAIUS, JUNIUS, JULIUS, AUGUSTUS, SEPTEMBER, OCTOBER, NOVEMBER, DECEMBER. It uses a human standing on the date to cast a shadow that indicates the time. Unfortunately, this is a flawed design since the dial should have a straight date line instead of an analemma. This causes errors in the time readings.
Frans Maes Website: Here
Gino Tondat Website: Here
Stadt Ronse Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: I’ve forgotten where this photo came from. My apologies to the photographer. j.c.

Dial 101
The Sky of Ravenna Dial
Designer: Mario Arnaldi
Ceramic Artisan: unknown
Date: 1996 or 1997
Original Location: Planetario di Ravenna, Italy. lat: 44° 25' N, lon: 12° 12' E.
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: undetermined
Size: overall- 7 x 4 m (22 x 13 ft). Each tile- 60 x 60 cm (24 x 24 in)
Adornment: In the upper left corner is a separate sundial that shows the solar azimuth and altitude. In the middle on the left, there's an Easter table arranged for modern time. The original from the 6th century is in the bishop's museum. In the big center dial are stars in the sky, inspired by the ceiling of the mausoleum of Galla Placidia, near the San Vitale church. Some stars indicate the solar noon in several world capitals. On the right there's a meridian line with mean time and solar declination.
Mottos: “Felicis Horae Ravennae"
Condition: good
Comments: Mr. Arnaldi calls his large ceramic wall dial the "Il cielo di Ravenna". First he painted the dial to scale on a wood panel. A studio then transferred the image to the tiles by electronic imaging using a plotter that had three spray guns with ceramic colors. Then another studio fixed the colors with fluid glass. Information was updated in June 2005.
Planetario di Ravenna Website: Here
Digilander Website: Here
Mario Arnaldi Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’ and ‘b’ are courtesy of Mike Cowham. Other photos courtesy of John Carmichael (taken in 2007).

Dial 102
The Albinson Eagle Dial
Designer and Glass Artisan: Brian Albinson, member of The North American Sundial Society
Glass Artisan: Brian Albinson
Date: 2004
Original Location: private collection, North Vancouver, Canada, Lat: 49.33° N. Long: 123.06° W.
Present Location: At original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: 40.6 x 30 4 cm (16 x 12 in)
Adornment: an eagle
Mottos: "Vita Solem Sequitur" (Life Follows the Sun)
Condition: excellent
Comments: This is Mr. Albinson's first stained glass sundial. Dial has wood frame and is hanging on the outside of a window. It's the first effort by the maker and is one of three known Canadian stained glass sundials. Gnomon is .5 cm (3/16 in) brass rod attached to the wood frame
Brian Albinson’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Brian Albinson. Photo ‘b’ and ‘c’ are the original photos. Photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of ‘b’ that corrects perspective distortion.

Dial 103
The Northill Rectory Fruitfly Dial
Maker: John Oliver (1616-1701)
Date: 1664
Original Location: The Northill Rectory in Northill, Bedfordshire England. Lat: 52.1° N. Lon: 0.3228° W
Present Location: At original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines towards the east.
Size: 25.4 cm (10 in)
Adornment: Design mimics the other Northill dial (Dial 96). Has a fruitfly, 2 cherry fruits with leaves, ornamental flowing scrolls. Hours are in Arabic numerals.
Mottos: “Sic Transit Gloria Mundi” (Thus Passes the Glory of the World)
Condition: cracked, gnomon is missing. Was restored in 1992 at Chapel Studio by Alfred Fisher.
Comments: Gnomon hole visible. This is one of a pair of newly discovered John Oliver dials located at the church. This dial is protected inside for safe keeping. Viewing by appointment only.
Article by Geoffrey Lane (6 MB): (2006) Glass Sundial Makers of 17th Century London. "The British Sundial Society Bulletin" Vol. 18(i), March 2006. 40-47
References: Gatty, Mrs Alfred, Eden and Lloyd, The Book of Sun-Dials, 3rd edition, 1890, pp 93-94. Britton, John, and Brayley, Edward Wedlake- The Beauties of England and Wales; or Delineations of Each County. Vol. I. Beds, Berks, Bucks, London 1801
Worshipful Company of Glaziers Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Mike Cowham.

Dial 104
The Carmichael Oxford Dial
Designer: John L. Carmichael, sundial maker and member of The British and North American Sundial Societies.
Glass Artisan & Glass Painter: John L. Carmichael
Date: 2004
Design Location: Lat: 51° 46' N. Lon: 1° 15' W. Oxford England
Present Location: St. Annes College, Oxford University
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: sundial panel only- 30.5 x 30.5 cm (12 x 12 in). frame and stand- 39.4 x 34.3 cm (15.5 x 13.5 in)
Adornment: housefly
Mottos: “Dum Spectas Fugio” (While You Watch, I Fly)
Condition: excellent
Comments: This is a demonstration table-top sundial made for the British Sundial Society Conference in Oxford, April 2004 and was presented as a gift to the St. Annes College by John Carmichael. It has an oak frame and base and is painted with non-vitreous enamels. It will be removed from its wood frame and permanently installed in a south window in the new building. Design was inspired by The Oxford Declining Dial and the Arizona state flag. Tells Solar Standard Time adjusted for longitude. Gnomon is a 1/8" gold-plated brass rod attached by nuts and bolts to a 1/8" thick gold-plated round disk of sheet brass that has a hole drilled through it. This innovative attachment method avoids the stresses and cracking that often result from attaching gnomons to a hole in the glass. Note that the gold gnomon support disk is surrounded by lead came, as if it were a piece of glass. Also, since the disk is in the center of a star, there is lots of soldered support came holding it in place. Rumor has it that it has been installed in the college president’s office.
St. Annes Website: Here
Sundial Sculptures Website: Here
John Carmichael’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos by John Carmichael. Photo ‘g’ is of presentation ceremony at Oxford.

Dial 105
The "Et Pourtant, Elle Tourne" Dial
Dial Designer: René Rioux
Glass Artisans: Michèle Lapointe & René Rioux
Date: 1995
Original Location: Lat: 45.49° N. Lon: 73.88° W. Bibliothèque Municipale, Ile Bizard (Public library, Bizard Island), Québec Canada
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south
Size: Gnomon length- 3m (118 in), Dial- 1.8 x 3.75 m (5.9 x 12.3 ft.)
Adornment: decorative irregular glass shapes, arrows, lines and dots.
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: This is the largest known glass sundial in the world and oldest known Canadian glass sundial. It has alternating wide and thin clear plate glass vertical sections that are sandblasted and joined together. UV acrylic glue was used to attach brass bars and pieces of colored stained waterglass. Numerals are metal strips positioned beneath etched chapter ring. Arrows are hourlines. Small parts from old clocks and appliances are used. This work of modern art was named: "et pourtant, elle tourne" (and yet, it turns), and probably quotes Galileo recanting the recantation of his heresy following the Papal Inquisition. The simple geometrical forms point to pre-Copernican theories of the cosmos. And, in memory of Galileo, the distribution of mural's elements isn't done as the arc of circle, but as the elliptic trajectory of the earth's orbit.
Michèle Lapointe Website: Here
Michèle Lapointe & René Rioux Website: Here
Ile-Bizard Website: Ile-Bizard
Michèle Lapointe & René Rioux Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Michèle Lapointe & René Rioux.

Dial 106
The Hollander Beer Glass Dial
Maker: Hendrik Hollander, famous award-winning Dutch sundial designer.
Date: mid 2002
Original Location: Lat: 52° N, Lon: 5° E. Amsterdam, Holland (The Netherlands).
Present Location: 200 glasses were made originally and are now scattered throughout Holland.
Orientation: variable. Glass must rest on horizontal table but works only when oriented towards the sun's direction.
Size: height- 13.5 cm (5.3 in), width- 6 cm (2.3 in)
Adornment: URL Website: Analemma.nl
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: The innovative idea of this etched drinking glass sundial is that you can see whether it is 5 pm so you can fill the glass with a beer. To tell Standard (clock) Time, you set the glass on a table in the sun and turn it until the shadow spot points at the right date. The glass doesn't need to be turned again. The glass will not function correctly if filled with liquid because of light refraction. In 2007 I came across the “Livingtime” website below that sells similar drinking glass sundials. We have written to Livingtime to ask them if they are associated with Mr. Hollander but we have not received a reply.
Owner's Manuals (Dutch): Here
Owner's Manuals (English): Here
Anelemma.nl (Dutch) Website: Here
Anelemma.nl (English) Website: Here
Livingtime Website: Here
Hendrik Hollander’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Hendrik Hollander. Photo ‘b’ is copied from Livingtime website.

Dial 107
The Cube Dial
Maker: Hendrik Hollander
Date: 2002
Original Location: Utrecht, The Netherlands
Present Location: Amsterdam
Orientation: Vertical. One dial face declines at azimuth 225°, the other declines at 135°
Size: cube- 6 x 6 x 6 cm (2.5 in)
Adornment: none
Mottos: none
Condition: good
Comments: One dial face is for January to June, the other is for July to December. Shows both Standard (Dutch: Wintertijd) and Daylight Saving Time (Dutch: Wintertijd). Dial is self-orienting: the cube will orient itself when you manually turn the sunspot onto the right date-line.
Anelemma.nl (Dutch) Website: Here
Anelemma.nl (English) Website: Here
Hendrik Hollander’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is courtesy of Hendrik Hollander.

Dial 108
The Valencia Earthdial
Designer: unknown
Tile Artisan: unknown
Date: 2004
Original Location: Installed in a pond outside the building of The Astronomical Observatory of the University of Valencia (OAUV), Spain. lat: 39° 28' N, lon: 0° 23' W.
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Horizontal
Size: 90 x 90 cm (35 x 35 in). Has nine 30 x 30 cm ceramic tiles.
Adornment: logos of both the Astronomical Observatory and the University of Valencia. The latter includes the coats of arms of King Ferdinand of Aragon, the Pope Alexander the Sixth (of Valencian origin himself), and the city of Valencia. The three institutions founded the University in 1499. There's a compass rose with the local names of the winds, and a copy of the original diagram of a heliocentric Solar System printed by the Valencian astronomer Jeroni Muñoz in his work "Astrologicarum et geographicarum institutionum libri sex", published in the XVIth century.
Mottos: "Dos Mons un Sol" (Two Worlds one Sun)
Condition: excellent
Comments: This ceramic dial is part of "The Earthdial Project", organized by the Planetary Society and is being seen by a webcam which broadcasts each minute a picture of the sundial via the internet. Logo alludes to the two Mars rover sundials which are also part of the project. The aquatic location in a pond highlights the traditional relation of Valencia with the Mediterranean sea and protects the dial and its camera from vandals.
Valencia Earthdial Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo is from unknown source.

Dial 109
The Albinson Dove Dial
Designer and Glass Artisan: Brian Albinson, member of The North American Sundial Society
Glass Artisan: Brian Albinson
Date: 2004
Original Location: private collection, North Vancouver, Canada, Lat: 49.33° N. Lon: 123.06° W.
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines southwest.
Size: 61 cm x 40.6 cm (24 x 16 in)
Adornment: a white dove, a fly
Mottos: "Lente Hora, Celeriter Anni" (“Slow Hours, Fast Years” or "The Hours Pass Slowly, The Years Slip Bye")
Condition: excellent
Comments: Dial is second effort by maker and is one of three known Canadian stained glass sundials. The letters and figures are stenciled with a low temp paint (320° F). Dove was made as a separate panel using the copper foil Tiffany technique, then leaded in. Gnomon is a 3/8" wide chromium-plated brass tube like those that connect hand basins, with the original large union blob on the end retained for a nodus. Panel is framed in a heavy milled hemlock frame jointed with biscuits, and the gnomon is held in an ABS block machined on vertical mill to the correct angles. The block is screwed to the dial frame that hangs outside the building's window.
Brian Albinson’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Brian Albinson. Photo ‘b’ and ‘c’ are the original photos. Photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of ‘b’ that corrects perspective distortion.

Dial 110
The Walking Man Dial
Designer & Maker: Mr. Iwan Kahn, Swiss member of the German Society of Chronometry.
Date: unknown exactly, late 1900s
Original Location: Was made in either Wallisellen or Dietlikon Switzerland (both places are near Zurich).
Present Location: Meppen Germany
Orientation: Vertical. Has adjustable declination.
Size: 50 x 55 cm (19.6 x 21.6 in)
Adornment: Simple design showing a walking man carrying a pot and a sunface above. Painting was done on five irregularly shaped pieces of yellow glass.
Inscriptions: Hour numerals are in counterclockwise order as with typical vertical sundials. Kahn's signature is visible in lower right.
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: This is a window hanging dial. Iwan Kahn developed this new way to focus light onto the dial face by using a cylindrical lens in order to avoid the usual problems with gnomon attachment. Above the pane the lens is visible. Sunrays falling parallel to the lens appear as a bright line on the coaxially arranged half ring, the light conductor. In this ring the ends of multiple optic fibers are embedded over its whole length. These cables send the light to the time indicator ring on the dial face where a point of light tells the time. There's one optical fiber for every five minute interval. There are 24 bundles of 6 optic fibers; 144 fibers total. Since the cables are flexible, the lens can be adjusted to the correct declination for any window.
Drawing of Lens: Here
Cover of Sundial Owner's Manual: Here
Kahn's Comments: Here
Kahn's Article-English Translation (1 MB): Here
Kahn's Brochure in German (PDF 3 MB): Here
Iwan Kahn’s Website: Here
Iwan Kahn’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: This photo is courtesy of Iwan Kahn.

Dial 111
Sundial for the Blind
Designer & Maker: Claude Guicheteau
Date: April 2003
Original Location: Latitude and longitude are unknown, but dial was designed for Aiffres 79230, France
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: equatorial with polar axis
Size: sphere diameter- 15 cm (6 in)
Adornment: none visible
Mottos: none are visible
Condition: unknown
Comments: modern rendition of an equatorial sundial based on a design described in 1778 by Jacques Ozanam, mathematician of king Louis XIV, that used a glass ball of water to focus the sun's rays so that they successively heat up the various hour bars - thus making it possible for someone who is blind to tell the time by touch. This modern version uses a solid glass sphere instead of water-filled sphere.
References: "The Mathematical Recreations" (1778). Serial of exercises in all the scientific domains at that time: mechanics, astronomy, and chemistry in 3 or 4 volumes. In the gnomonique section, an exercise is suggested making a sundial for blind person.
Website: Here
Design Article (French): Here
Design Article (Rough English Translation): Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Claude Guicheteau.

Dial 112
The Owens Reflected Dial
Designer & Maker: Robert Owens
Date: 1996
Original Location: Lat: 37° 6' N, Lon: 113° 37' W. In a greenhouse of a private residence in St. George Utah, USA
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Horizontal. Declines south.
Size: Dial face: 62 x 82 cm (24.4 x 32.3 in), Mirror: 76 x 82 cm (30 x 32 in)
Adornment: Butterfly, leaves and Celtic designs in bottom corners.
Mottos: Across the top: "Time is the school in which we learn; Time is the fire in which we burn". From a poem by Delmore Schwartz.
Condition: Very good
Comments: Unique three-dimensional variation of traditional glass dials. Horizontal dial face isn't meant to be seen directly. Instead, a mirror below the face, inclined at a 45° angle, reflects an image of the bottom of the glass plate. A steel rod polar axis gnomon lies above a frosted glass horizontal dial face and under an angled protective clear glass pane. Like an ordinary horizontal dial, it casts a shadow onto the top the glass face. Unattached stained glass numbers resting on face can be moved to adjust for Daylight Saving Time. This design permits design variations on the dial face simply by laying other glass pieces on it. It's accurate to about 5 minutes and is readable from across the room. Owens developed basic concept in early 1985. We know of nobody else who has made glass dials using a mirror in this way.
Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Robert Owens and were taken by him.

Dials 113 114 115
The Owens Reflected Table-top Dials
Designer & Maker: Robert Owens
Date: 1996
Original Location: Lat: 45° 10' N, Lon: 5° 43' E. In a private residence in Grenoble, France
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Horizontal. Declines south.
Size: Dial face: unknown but small, Mirror: unknown but small
Adornment: none
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: Unique 3 dimensional variation of traditional glass dials. Horizontal dial face isn't meant to be seen directly. Instead, a mirror below the face, inclined at a 45° angle, reflects an image of the bottom of the glass plate. Gnomon is angled glass edge above a frosted glass horizontal dial face. Like an ordinary horizontal dial, it casts a shadow onto the top the glass face. Owens developed basic concept in early 1985. Similar to Dial 112 in design.
Robert Owens’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Robert Owens.
Dial 113:
Dial 114:
Dial 115:

Dial 116
The Ribbon Dial
Designer & Maker: unknown
Date: unknown, 1600's.
Original Location: unknown. Somewhere in Europe
Present Location: unknown
Orientation: Vertical, Declination is unknown exactly, but declines about 45° east of south.
Size: 15.5 x 13.4 cm (6.125 x 5.25 in)
Adornment: not signed, the hour numerals marked on banners are crossed by lines marked with pairs of zodiac symbols for reading the Sun's position and so the season. Above the upper banner is a sunburst carrying the Jesuit 'IHS' symbol. (Jesus, Savior of Man)
Mottos: In the top left corner, is the motto, also marked on a banner, “FVGIT IRREPARABILE TEMPVS” (Time Passes Never to be Retrieved). In the bottom right corner is a second motto “DICO LVCIDAS TACEO NVBILAS” (in the Light I Speak, in the Cloud I Keep Silence). The first motto on the instrument derives from Virgil, Georgics III, 284-5 "Sed fugit interea, fugit irreparabile tempus, Singula dum capti circumvectare amore" (But meanwhile time flies, flies irretrievably; While we, love stricken, dwell on each thing)
Condition: good. It’s unknown if gnomon exists.
Comments: Oddly, the numbers incorrectly show afternoon hours although the dial declines towards the east. Dial lines, motto in lower right, and painting is sloppy, though attractive. Sold at Sothebys auction in London Oct 02 by Absentee Bid Form for 2,115 GBP. Provenance- The Blumka Collection; UTO Auktionem, Auktion von 13 November 1978, Zurich 1978, lot 175; The Time Museum Inventory No 1543. We need more information and better photos of this now lost dial.
Photo Descriptions: Photo was copied from Sotheby’s temporary webpage- now unavailable.

Dial 117
The Chavenage Dial
Designer & Maker: unknown
Date: unknown, probably 1600's.
Original Location: Lat: 51° 39.3' N; Lon: 2° 11.0' W. About 15 feet high (4.5 meters) in the centre top panel of a nine panel leaded window in the Great Hall at Chavenage House near Tetbury, Gloucestershire England.
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declination unknown exactly, but declines to the east of south.
Size: about 15.2 x 25 cm (6 x 10 in)
Adornment: a sun on dial face. Surrounding window elaborately decorated.
Mottos: none
Condition: Crack originates from gnomon hole, crack was re-leaded. Gnomon is missing.
Comments: No gnomon exists but the three holes at the bottom of dial face indicate a triple support stay was used. Dial shows hours and half hours. We are anxiously looking for more information and better photos of this dial and its surrounding window.
Reference: The "Stained Glass at Chavenage House", Dr Hilary Wayment F.S.A. Antiquaries Journal - 'Tetbury' Vol. 78 1998
Chavenage Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are all from unknown sources. Photo ‘d’ is of the Great Hall.

Dial 118
The St. Mary Magdalene Church Dial
Designer & Maker: unknown
Date: unknown, probably 1600's.
Original Location: St. Mary Magdalene Church, Newark, Nottinghamshire, England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. The dial depicted is a due south wall dial.
Size: unknown
Adornment: highly ornamented
Mottos: undetermined
Condition: Excellent
Comments: This is not an actual working stained glass dial, but is a painting on stained glass of a vertical wall dial with its painted gnomon, held in the hands of two people. Ian Butson suggests that the time of '3 hours', as indicated by the painted shadow on the dial, is significant in Biblical terms as the hour of the death of Jesus. We are looking for better photos of the entire window and close-ups of the sundial depiction.
Church of England Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are from unknown sources.

Dial 119
The Bewcastle Church Dial Depiction
Designer & Maker: Alex Haynes, together with his wife Tess and his father Chris at Albion Glass, Brampton, Cumbria, UK
Date: Finished in October 2000, installed 14th December 2000.
Original Location: Lat: 55° N; lon: 2.7° W. Bewcastle Church in Cumbria, England. Approximately 10 miles north of Brampton. It is in the right window nave of a three nave grouping that has Christ in the center nave. In the left nave, there's a depiction of the artwork that's on the lower part of the stone pillar.
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical, Declines south.
Size: unknown
Adornment: vines with leaves and flowers. The glass colors chosen depict the natural dyes used to color the stone cross when it was first created.
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: This is a commemorative window made for the millennium and is one of three windows. It cost £7,000 (about $10,000). In addition to local grants, the balance was met by parishioners, local businesses and friends of the church, including a donation from a lady in New Hampshire, U.S.A. The design depicts the famous 7th century Bewcastle Saxon stone pillar sundial (England's first!) of around 675 A.D. which stands in front of the church. Window has exterior polycarbonate protection. For years it was incorrectly thought that the design on the pillar was a sliced pomegranate! The window dial never had a gnomon and was not meant to be a working sundial.
Bewcastle Church Website: Here
Visit Cumbria Website: Here
Musgrave Manor Website: Here
Find a Church Website: Here
Albion Glass Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos ‘a’ to ‘c’ are courtesy of Andrew Norris. Other photos are from unknown sources. Photos ‘e’ and ‘f’ are of the ancient Bewcastle Pillar Sundial.

Dial 120
The Klontz Embleton Dial
Designer & Maker: Peter Klontz (deceased), former British Sundial Society member
Date: 1995
Original Location: Lat: 54° 39’ N; Lon: 3° 17’ W. in central part of high quatrefoil chapel window within the music room and at eye level at Old Wesleyan Chapel, Embleton, Cockermouth CA13 9YA. Embleton is about four miles east of Cockermouth, heading towards Bassenthwaite Lake.
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 5° east of south.
Size: diameter- 24.2 cm (9.5 in)
Adornment: The upper part of the dial is of deep red glass (translucent, to permit outside viewing) and the lower section is cream colored marbled with light brown (external view) but appears orange from inside the building. The centre of the dial is in the form of a metal sun disk with 25 spikes.
Mottos: none visible
Condition: excellent
Comments: This Information is courtesy of Robert Sylvester 2007. Gnomon is a simple hooked needle coming to a tapered end. Hourly time marks range from 6 am to 5 pm. Arabic serif font hour numerals are only on the 7 am, 9 am, 12 noon, 3 pm and 5 pm marks. No hour subdivisions. Access: Private, though its external aspect can be viewed from the road. Difficulty of access to this building meant that it was a long time before it could be ascertained as to whether Peter Klontz had properly completed this dial before his death. Owner David Sanger who has lived here since 1989 was most helpful. Peter Klontz contacted Robert Sylvester in 1995 for advice on line positions after a preliminary botched attempt. Now the dial is correctly made and functioning. The glass disk rotates, but it is not clear why, unless to allow adjustment for British Summer Time. Note: David Sanger died in 2010, but I am leaving his contact information just in case anybody wants to contact his relations.
Letter from Klontz to Sylvester: Here
David Sanger’s Website: Here
David Sanger’s Tel. & Fax: 017687 76628
David Sanger’s Email: Here
Robert Sylvester’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Robert Sylvester and were taken by him in 2007.

Dial 121
The Vinzenz Combination Dial
Maker: Philippi Vinzenz
Date: unknown, probably late 1900's
Original Location: unknown. Possibly somewhere in Germany.
Present Location: unknown
Orientation: This dial can be used as a vertical South or North Dial.
Size: large, size unknown
Adornment: a sun at dial center
Mottos: none
Inscription: "Kombi Sonmenuhr, Verticale, Nord-Sudsunenuhr"
Mottos: none
Condition: unknown
Comments: Unique North and South vertical sundial design shows Longitude corrected solar time and the times and locations of sunrises and sunsets on the equinoxes and solstices. Looks like face is etched glass with glued-on numerals and sun. We are looking for more information on this dial.
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Philippi Vinzenz.

Dial 122
A Focusing Cylinder Dial
Maker: W.G. Benoy from Newark, Nottinghamshire England
Date: 1983
Original Location: Lat: 52° 18' 15" N, Lon: 4° 51' 06" E. In private collection in Holland.
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: in an equatorial orientation for the owner's latitude
Size: diameter- 50 cm (19.7 in)
Adornment: none
Mottos: none
Condition: good
Comments: Equatorial dial that uses a cylinder of water to focus a ray of light on the timescale. Mounted on stone. Was a gift from the maker in 1983. Adjustable for longitude. Shows summer time only. Another Benoy dial of this type is also on display in the British Science Museum in London.
Photo Descriptions: Photo is courtesy of Thibaud Taudin Chabot.

Dial 123
The Tallow Chandler's Hall Dial
Maker: C. Holborow/J Swingler (Fowey)
Date: 1999
Original Location: Lat: 51.31° N; Lon: .05° W. In second floor window at Tallow Chandler's Hall, 4 Dowgate Hill, Committee Rm. London England
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 15° west of south.
Size: 53.3 x 39.4 cm (21 x 15.5 in)
Adornment: shields and coats of Arms. Tallow Chandler's Coat of Arms in center and shields of the City of London and of C. Holborow at top, and the City of London Coat of Arms at base. Roman numerals "MM" at the top commemorate the year 2000.
Mottos: undetermined. present, but illegible in photos.
Condition: good. appears cracked then repaired. Gnomon is present.
Comments: Design mimics a typical 17th century English glass dial. Appears that the glass artisan even made the panel look broken and re-leaded it to make it look old. Shadow says 1:45 pm. Shows 8 am to 6 pm in quarter hours. Viewing by permission.
Reference: British Sundial Registry ID#: SRN4130
The Worshipful Company of Tallow Chandlers Website: Here
British History Online Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is courtesy of Didier Barret. Photo ‘c’ is from the BSS registry. Photo ‘b’ is a photoshopped version of photo ‘c’ that corrects perspective distortion.

Dial 124
Stained Glass Sundial Lanterns
Designer & Maker: Henry Ferl, German master stonemason and sculptor
Date: unknown, Probably late 1900's
Original Location: unknown location in Germany
Present Location: unknown
Orientation: various face orientations on different sides of pieces.
Size: various sizes
Adornment: various
Mottos: unknown
Condition: unknown
Comments: Karl Maier happened to see these unique stained glass sundial lanterns passing by in his car. Reinhold Kriegler says that their maker learned gnomonics from well-known German gnomonists and sundial books by authors Schumacher & Peitz. These objects are probably seriously working sundials during daytime and electric lanterns at night that help one to find his way home. Some of them were probably for indoor table-top placement. We are seeking better photographs and more information on them.
Henry Ferl’s Phone: 02166-82037 + 851142
Photo Descriptions: Photo is courtesy of Karl Maier.

Dial 125
The Majó Dial
Sundial Designer: André Majó
Glass Artisan: Irene Lopez Torrent
Date: 2004
Original Location: Lat: 41° 31' 31" N; Lon: 02° 22' 15" E. at the Museo de Relojes de Sol (The Sundial Museum), Cabrils in Barcelona Spain. The Museum and dial are owned by André Majó.
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south
Size: 35 x 20 cm (13.8 x 7.9 in)
Adornment: smiling sunface, paint-speckled background, signed & dated
Mottos: “Carpe Diem” (Seize the Day)
Condition: excellent, but appears the gnomon is missing.
Comments: for table-top display with a wood frame. Dial face is a single piece of etched glass. The sunface, hour lines, and speckling are of kiln-fired fused glass.
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘b’ is courtesy of Antonio J. Canones and is the original photo. Photo ‘a’ is the photoshopped version of ‘b’ that crops and fixes perspective distortion.

Dial 126
The Halifax Dial Depiction
Maker: unknown
Date: unknown, Probably early 1900's
Original Location: Standeven's Ladyship Mills at Ovenden in England.
Present Location: relocated to the Calderdale Industrial Museum in Halifax, Yorkshire England.
Orientation: Orientation of window is unknown, but the sundial depicted on it is due south and vertical.
Size: unknown
Adornment: Elaborate. Exquisitely embellished using a rich yellow and orange color scheme with cherubs, ornate pillars and articles of commerce such as a typewriter, a telephone switchboard and a spinning wheel.
Mottos: on sunDial: “TEMPUS” (TIME), on surrounding window: “COMMERCE”
Condition: unknown
Comments: The large window has 25 panels. A small depiction of a sundial is in the center at the top. This is not a functioning dial. If it were, it would not keep time because the gnomon is painted in the wrong position and the hour numerals are reversed. Robert Sylvester reported in January 2008 that The Calderdale Industrial Museum has been closed for several years and it is now in an unsafe condition. He spoke to a Mr. Jeff Wilkinson (tel. +44 1422 354823) who was most helpful. He regularly calls at the building near Halifax’s famous Piece Hall to keep a check on it. He assures Robert that the window in which the dial is situated is still there but they have boarded it up for protection. It is no longer possible for visitors to see this dial. To uncover it would be a large undertaking but Mr. Wilkinson has made a note of Robert’s interest and says he will contact him when this is done. He does, however, stress that this will not be in the near future. We need a better close-up photo of the dial depiction.
Museums in Britain Website: Here
West York Attractions Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Robert Sylvester which he photocopied from a postcard.

Dial 127
The Thorp Village Dial
Designer: Robert Adzema, famous sundial designer and award winning member of The North American Sundial Society
Date: 1991
Original Location: lat: 41° 2' 30'; Lon: 35° 56' 15" W. High up on brick wall of the Thorp Village Senior Center, Box 254, Route 340, Sparkill, NY 10976-0254, USA.
Present Location: at original location
Orientation: Vertical. Declines 38° 14' 42" to the east of south.
Size: face- 213 x 213 cm (7 x 7 ft). gnomon length- 35.5 cm (14 in)
Adornment: Solstices and equinox lines.
Mottos: none
Condition: good, but some tiles are missing. Unfortunately, it's shaded for much of the day by a nearby tree. The tree needs pruning!
Comments: The gnomon is bronze and tilework is framed in copper. It has hundreds of 1" square ceramic bathroom tile mosaics mounted on four seamless panels. Gnomon is attached to directly to bricks underneath the dial plate. We're looking for a sunny day photo taken before the tree grew so big.
Robert Adzema Website: Here
Robert Adzema’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of John Carmichael & Mike Shaw.

Dials 128 129 130 131 132 133
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: These are Franz/Schouler table-top dials.
Dial 128:
Dial 131:

Dial 134
The Rainbow Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of the original which is missing.

Dial 135
The Flower Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘b’ is the original photo, and photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of it.

Dial 136
The Zodiac Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘f’ is the original photo, and photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of it.

Dial 137
The Indian Sun Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘b’ is the original photo, and photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of it.


Delineator and Co-designer: Bernhard Franz (1923-2002) from Quierschied near Saarbruecken Germany.
Co-designer, Glass Painter, and Glazier: Arthur Schouler, famous French master glazier and glass painter. Born: 28 march 1927 in Saint Avold France. Died 28 march, 1984 at 57 years of age.
Date: late 1900's. Dials 35 and 136 were made in 1978.
Original Location: Made in Shouler's studio in Saint Avold France.
Present Location: Dials 35 and 136 are likely at Schouler's home in Saint Avold. Some reportedly were last seen in the late 1990s for sale in The Sundial Shoppe in Basle Switzerland. Franz gave Dial 130 without numerals to Hans Behrendt in Stuttgart and Behrendt added them later. Other dials are lost or are at unknown locations.
Orientation: Looks like most if not all are due south vertical dials that are longitude corrected.
Size: unknown exactly. All the hanging dials (except for Dials 35, 36 and 37) are the same Size: about 35.6 x 48.3 cm (14 x 19 in). The table-tops are smaller: about 30.4 cm (12 in) tall. Dial 35 is 88 x 58 cm (34 x 22 in). Dial 136 measures 88 x 58 cm (34 x 22 in)
Adornment: Artwork is very modern and somewhat like Art Deco with beautiful use of brightly colored glass pieces and impressive glass painting. White opalescent glass chapter rings have painted teardrop hour numeral symbols or interesting odd types of Roman numeral hour notation.

Dial 138
The Happy Sun Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘b’ is the original photo, and photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of it.


Mottos: none
Condition: unknown. But dials 35 and 136 are in excellent condition.
Comments: Bernhard Franz independently invented stained glass sundials in 1973 without any knowledge of previous ones made by others. In 1978 in collaboration with Arthur Schouler, they made window hangings and free-standing table-top pieces. Carmichael thinks that the dials originally had blank chapter rings without hourmarks and were not made for specific locations. Once they were sold or given away and it was determined where the dials would be going, the hour marks were then delineated and added. Because we have photos of Dial 136 with both teardrops and dot hourmarks, it is possible that the hour marks were made of plastic decals or removable non-fired paint. In Franz's studio window, the gnomon of the hanging dials was attached to the window on the outside and functioned for any dial he hung on the inside, allowing him to switch the stained glass windows that hung there. In 1994 the Deutsches Uhrenmuseum in Furtwangen displayed some of Bernhard Franz's "Glassonnenuhren" as he called them while he was living in Quierschied, and a few German publications printed several articles in German about him and his dials. We'd like to find out the present location and condition of any of them.

Dial 139
The Palm of Hand Dial
(more information below)
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘b’ is the original photo, and photo ‘a’ is a photoshopped version of it.


Franz Doc 1- pg. 1: Here
Franz Doc 1- pg. 2: Here
Franz Doc 2: Here
Franz Doc 3: Here
Franz Doc 4: Here
Franz Doc 5: Here
Wikipedia Saint Avoid Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Peter Kunath, Douglas Stevenson and Jean Stocker St. Avold France. Many were taken by Bernhard Franz who gave them to Mr. Kunath and Mr. Stevenson. 35 ‘b’ shows dial with hour marks. 35 ‘d’ shows dial without hour marks. 35 ‘e’ is a design sketch by Schouler of Dials 35 & 136. 136 ‘d’ shows different photos of Dial 136, with and without hourmarks. 136 ‘h’ is Schouler's signature on Dial 136. 136 ‘f’ shows dial hanging in Franz’s studio window.
Schouler's design sketch of unknown but similar dials: Here

Dial 140
The City Sundial
Maker: Dieter Vogt
Date: April 2004
Original Location: Lat: 52.09° N, Lon: 7.61° E. Greven Germany. Mr. Vogt makes similar ones for other locations in Germany.
Present Location: this one is at its original location.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: appoximately 20 x 20 cm (8 x 8 in)
Adornment: two yellow suns, date and time labels.
Mottos: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: Vogt calls this precise Standard Time sundial the "Stadtsonnenuhr" (The City Sundial). It's for desktop or window-sill indoor use. He custom-makes them for each customer's location, and they have built-in longitude correction and a built-in Equation of Time in the wavy hourlines. They also tell the month and the season. They're made from 5 mm acrylic glass with an adhesive film printed with the markings. There are separate winter and summer time scales. Since each wavy time line is half an analemma, you flip the sundial face upside-down when the solstices begin.
Stadtsonnenuhr Website: Here
Dieter Vogt’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Dieter Vogt.

Dial 141
The Berlin Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1535
Original Location: pane was in Kunstgewerbemuseum (Museum of Applied Art) in Berlin Germany
Present Location: unknown. now missing
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south-southeast.
Size: unknown. round
Adornment: a time ribbon from 6am to 4 pm. a sun, laurel wreath framing.
Mottos: "Sic Umbra Ducimur Umbra" (Like the Shadow, We will be Guided by the Shadow)
Condition: unknown. Gnomon hole is present.
Comments: We need more information and better photos of this great lost dial. If you find it, please let us know!
Videotape Transcript of Dial 141 only: Here
Willy Bachman’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ was kindly sent to us in 2008 by Willy Bachmann from Germany. It is a copy from the "Bildarchiv des AK Sonnenuhren in der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chronometrie e. V. (DGC)". This photo may be an old (1950’s?) reproduction. Photo ‘b’ was photographed from a still frame from the videotape movie by Hans Behrendt called "Historische Glassonnenuhren" 1980. It is probably a copy of photo ‘a’. Other poorer quality photos exist in the German Archive.

Dial 142
The Altshausen Castle Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1576
Original Location: pane from castle Friedrichshafen, later the monastery Bebenhausen/ Tubingen. Germany. Lat: 47.7° N.
Present Location: now in the archive of the Castle Altshausen in Saulgau Germany. It’s unknown when it was removed from its original location.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: unknown
Adornment: chapter ring 8am-12-5 pm, below- table with hour and zodiacal lines. Day and night lengths 8-15 and 9-16 beneath are the meridian line. shining sun, zodiacal signs, right and upper part missing
Inscription: Isaac...Fiessen, pict- Spire-fec... In the ribbon- MDLXXVI (1576)
Condition: Photo ‘b’ shows that the dial was cracked then re-leaded. We don’t know when this happened.
Comments: We need more information and better photos of this historic and valuable dial. If you find it, please let us know! It would be well worth the effort (and fun!) if somebody would visit the archive of the Castle Altshausen in Saulgau Germany to find out if it still exists and to get us better photos and more information about it.
Videotape Transcript of Dial 142 only: Here
Altshausen Website: Here
Willy Bachman’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photo ‘a’ was photographed from a still frame from the videotape movie by Hans Behrendt called "Historische Glassonnenuhren" 1980. It shows the dial before it was cracked and re-leaded. It has a gnomon shadow at 10:30 am. Consequently, this photo probably shows the dial in its original location. Photo ‘b’ was kindly sent to us in 2008 by Willy Bachmann from Germany. It is a copy from the "Bildarchiv des AK Sonnenuhren in der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chronometrie e. V. (DGC)". This photo may be an old (1950's?) reproduction. Other poorer quality photos exist in the German Archive.

Dial 143
The Darmstadt Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1770
Original Location: Lutherhaus (Luther House) in Grümberg/upper Hassia, Germany. Oddly, Behrendt's reverse engineering calculates its design latitude as 66° N. (Same as the Artic Circle!).
Present Location: Hessischen Landesmuseum (Hassia State Museum) in Darmstadt Germany Inv. Nr. Kg 37:19. Acquired in 1957.
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south.
Size: 23 x 18 cm (9 x 7 in)
Adornment: Primitively done. Has incorrectly drawn hourlines and zodiacal hyperbolas (sun calendar) in hexagon, hours 4-9-12 in twisted ribbon. The framework has floral tendrils and there is a sunspot. Chapter ribbon and margin pattern is yellowish brown.
Inscription: undetermined
Condition: Dial has cracks and holes for gnomon and mounting. Hour numbers are faded away.
Comments: Rudolph Hooijenga kindly translated this information for us from the Behrendt videotape. We need better photos of this dial.
Videotape Transcript of Dial 143 only: Here
Landes Museum Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: We copied photo ‘a’ from a videotape movie, and photo ‘b’ from an article. Both are called "Historische Glassonnenuhren" 1989 by Hans Behrendt.

Dial 144
The Zurich Pinhole Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1780
Original Location: Lon: 46° N. Lon: unknown. Tessin (Swiss canton)
Present Location: Museum der Zeitmessung Beyer (Beyer Museum of Time Measurement) in Zurich Switzerland
Orientation: Vertical. Declines south southwest.
Size: 13.3 x 8.7 cm (5.2 x 3.4 in)
Adornment: dark brown Italic hour lines 15-23, zodiacal symbols Capricorn and Cancer
Mottos: undetermined
Inscriptions: undetermined
Condition: unknown
Comments: Oldest known etched glass sundial. Frosted glass pane in small walnut wood box (18 x 13.5 x 3 cm) with pin hole in bottom to direct sun rays. On the right side there are two mountings to fasten it to the window frame. We need more information and better photos of this lost dial and an English translation of the videotape transcript.
Videotape Transcript of Dial 144 only: Here
Beyer Watch & Clock Museum Website: Here
Photo Descriptions: This photo and information is copied from a videotape movie and transcript by Hans Behrendt called "Historische Glassonnenuhren" 1989.

Dial 145
The Ludwigsburg Dial
Maker: unknown
Date: 1781
Original Location: Oddly, in Behrendt's article, "Historische Glassonnenuhren", he says it was at: 50° N. in Mainz, Bamberg Germany; but in his videotape, he says reverse engineering calculates its design latitude at 45.2° N, which puts it at Bordeaux in southern France, or Milan in northern Italy. We tend to believe it is german.
Present Location: Heimatmuseum (Regional History Museum) of Ludwigsburg near Stuttgart Germany.
Orientation: Vertical. Behrendt's reverse engineering calculates its declination as 7.5° east of south.
Size: 24 x 21 cm (9.4 x 8.3 in)
Adornment & Inscriptions: Simple. 1781. Chapter beam has hours 6-12-5 and short half hour lines on margin. Dotted Meridian and substyle. Mono-colored rust brown numbers and lines. Coat of arms with deer head. Rococo monogram J.J.J. According to Professor Decker-Hauff, of the Institute for Historical Regional Studies and Historical Subsidiary Sciences at the Stuttgart University: "Although the ornamentation uses heraldic symbols, it is not a coat of arms in the strict sense. Helmet, helmet cover, and helmet ornaments are indeed present, but the crucial blazon and blazon picture is missing. Instead, a typical Rococo monogram appears, formed from the letters J J J in an oval cartouche, which are repeated, mirrored, after the fashion of Rocaille ornamentations. Since in the much-entwined monogram there is also the suggestion of a letter V, it could also be read J J v J."
Mottos: none
Condition: monolithic pane cracked, hole for gnomon
Comments: Rudolph Hooijenga kindly translated this information for us from the Behrendt videotape. We need for someone to visit the museum to investigate if this dial still exists there and to obtain good photos.
Videotape Transcript of Dial 145 only: Here
Heimatmuseum of Ludwigsburg Website: Here
Willy Bachmann‘s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: For years, the only photo we had was copied from a videotape movie by Hans Behrendt called "Historische Glassonnenuhren" 1989. Finally, thanks to investigations by German dialist, Willy Bachmann, he found and sent to us in 2008 an archived photo (photo ‘a’) from Bildarchiv des AK Sonnenuhren in der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chronometrie. This dial’s DGC photo number is (DGC 8652) which specifies the sundial in most German sundial publications. Photo has been lightly photoshopped to correct shape distortion.

Dial 146
The Ólomüveg Dial
Delineator: Dialist Géza Marton of Budapest Hungary
Glazier: Mr. Aladár Ambrus, a stainedglass maker in Budapest
Blacksmith: János Galló made the bezel and stand
Date: 2006
Original Location: on a curtain-column of Móra Ferenc High School in Kiskunfélegyháza Hungary
Size: Sundial Face- 65 x 75 cm (25.6 x 29.5in), Column- 315 cm (10 ft)
Orientation: Inclines 15°. Declines south.
Materials: clear rippled cathedral type stained glass face surrounded by beautiful iron bezel with an iron rod gnomon, and iron stand. Mounted on top of a stacked brick column
Adornment: none on face. Stand has nice embellishments.
Mottos: none
Inscriptions: none
Condition: excellent
Comments: “Ólomüveg” means “stained glass” in Hungarian. As of 2009, this is the only known stained glass sundial in Hungary. Unfortunately, there were a couple of problems with this beautiful dial. Since it has clear glass instead of opalescent glass, the gnomon’s shadow didn’t appear on the glass when it was originally constructed. The photos below show this flaw. Realizing this, Mr. Marton has recently corrected the problem by adding an opal lacquer layer to the top side. Additionally, it looks like the length of the gnomon rod is too short so that its shadow will not reach the numerals on the periphery around noon. We hope to get photos showing the corrected glass.
Picasa Website: Here
Email of Géza Marton: Here
Photo Descriptions: Photos are courtesy of Géza Marton taken June 14, 2006

Dial 147
The King Poniatowski Dial
Maker: Made by Jean François Richer, an artist, French astronomer and Instrument maker for the king, Stanislas Augustus Poniatowski.
Date: 1788
Original Location: Lat: 52° 14' 50.425" N, Lon: 21° 0' 52.87" E. In The Royal Castle in Warsaw Poland. Behrendt's reverse engineering calculates its design latitude as 52.1° N. which corresponds with the location of Warsaw.
Present Location: Lat: 52° 9' 53.124" N, Lon: 21° 5' 25.092" E. It’s mounted in a wooden box held by a window frame on the south side of The Wilanów Palace in Warsaw Poland. There is an outer pane of dirty glass in front of it. This is why it seems to be so unclean in the photos.
Orientation: Its original and current location have a vertical inclination. Hans Behrendt's reverse engineering calculated its original declination was 14° east of south. Its present declination is south. So it would not function if its gnomon were reattached.
Size: unknown exactly- about 2 m (79 in) tall.
Adornment: The finely divided dial shows a sun calendar with the hours of VI o'clock am to V o'clock pm on the edges. Has 15 minute time divisions. For the first time on an historical glass sundial, the figure-of-eight analemma appears, indicating the deviation of true noon at the different seasons. Has the King's crown with the Polish and Lithuanian coat of arms, and in the centre is the coat of arms of the Poniatowski family. Further up, is the inscription: "Richer brevelé du roi en 1788". Patron was the Polish king.
Mottos: the admonishing motto "Ultima Time" (Fear the Latest). The word "hour" is understood to be added.
Condition: Good in 2009. Gnomon is still missing, however there is an picture of it. Darek Oczki trying to get it for us. At the end of the zodiacal hyperbola, the symbols are quite faint.
Comments: All information here was provided by German dialist, Hans Behrendt and polish dialist, Dariusz Oczki. This is a valuable and historic sundial and is the second oldest etched glass sundial that we know of. Hans Behrendt said in his 1989 videotape: "Notice how the inscription is to be read inversely. Probably the pane was negligently inserted wrongly during a restoration." You can see this installation error in his old video photo ‘q’. The dial has since been reversed. Note that The Wilanów Palace also is home to the famous and most beautiful “Chronos Painted Wall Sundial” which you can see almost hidden behind the scaffolding in photos ‘o’ and ‘p’. You can see it more clearly and read about it at The Painted Wall Sundial Website at: Dial 31.
Videotape Transcript of Dial 147 only: Here
Dariusz Oczki’s Email: Here
Photo Descriptions: Darek Oczki took photos ‘a’ to ‘p’ in 2009 and kindly sent them to us. He says: “It is very hard to take good photos because glass is very light there. There are some pics taken by a professional photographer, but I am not allowed to use them. He did something to make the sundial look dark with almost white markings. Unfortunately the palace is now being renovated so glass behind the sundial is covered with thousands of little and big stains of paint. As a computer graphic I have enhanced my pics a bit, so now one can see all the details even if they were taken during the day (It was very light outside so you would not see almost nothing on the sundial.” Other poor quality photos (‘q’, ‘r’, ‘s’) were copied from the videotape movie by Hans Behrendt called "Historische Glassonnenuhren" 1989. He said: "In 1966, Dr. Somerville of Mendota England photographed dial at the Wilanów castle in Warsaw. In 1984, a Mrs. Zusanna Prószynska from Warsaw inquired after the sundial, in particular the activity of the artist. Apparently, she was doing research on the clocks of King Stanislaus August Poniatowski”.